Table 2. Univariable logistic regression analysis for occurrence of acute kidney injury in POD 0–3.
| Variables | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Sex: male | 1.02 (0.70, 1.48) | 0.921 |
| Age, year | 1.02 (1.01, 1.04) | 0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 1.02 (0.99, 1.05) | 0.303 |
| Preoperative comorbidities | ||
| ASA classification | ||
| 1 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 2 | 3.91 (2.10, 7.28) | <0.001 |
| ≥3 | 11.27 (5.49, 23.2) | <0.001 |
| eGFRa, mL/min/1.73 m2 | ||
| ≥90 | 1 | |
| 60–90 | 0.61 (0.37, 1.00) | 0.051 |
| 30–60 | 3.82 (2.43, 6.00) | <0.001 |
| <30 or preoperative RRT | 1,317.95 (309.54, 5,611.54) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1.66 (1.20, 2.31) | 0.002 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 2.02 (1.21, 3.39) | 0.008 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1.00 (0.44, 2.28) | 0.993 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.42 (1.69, 3.46) | <0.001 |
| Anemia (hemoglobin <10 g/dL) | 4.25 (2.83, 6.38) | <0.001 |
| Operative characteristics | ||
| Surgery time, hour | 0.73 (0.50, 1.06) | 0.099 |
| Anesthesia time, hour | 0.85 (0.67, 1.08) | 0.180 |
| Type of surgery | ||
| Total knee arthroplasty | 1 | |
| Total hip arthroplasty | 0.61 (0.42, 0.88) | 0.009 |
| Fluid input in POD 0, liter | 0.67 (0.54, 0.82) | <0.001 |
| Intraoperative MBP, mmHg | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) | 0.260 |
| Transfusion of pRBC in POD 0 | 1.53 (0.99, 2.37) | 0.059 |
| Hydroxyethyl starch infused in POD 0 | 0.63 (0.40, 0.98) | 0.041 |
| Years at surgery | ||
| 2005–2010 | 1 | 0.382 |
| 2011–2014 | 1.19 (0.78, 1.82) | 0.412 |
| 2015–2018 | 0.91 (0.60, 1.39) | 0.673 |
| Sedative uses for surgery | ||
| Midazolam, per 1 mg | 0.76 (0.66, 0.88) | <0.001 |
| Propofol, per 100 mg | 1.00 (0.96, 1.04) | 0.855 |
| Dexmedetomidine, per 100 μg | 1.13 (1.02, 1.26) | 0.022 |
All covariates of P<0.2 in univariable logistic regression analysis were included in multivariable logistic regression analysis. a, preoperative eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2): 186× (Creatinine)−1.154 × (Age)−0.203 × (0.742 if female). ASA, American society of anesthesiologists; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; RRT, renal replacement therapy; POD, postoperative day; POD, postoperative day.