Skip to main content
. 2019 Jun;9(3):272–280. doi: 10.21037/cdt.2019.06.01

Table 1. The base sequences of primers used in this study.

mRNA Sequences
TGF-β1 (F) 5’-TGCTTCAGCTCCACAGAGAA-3’
TGF-β1 (R) 5’-TGGTTGTAGAGGGCAAGGAC-3’
Smad3 (F) 5’-GGCAGGATGTTTCCAGCTA-3’
Smad3 (R) 5’-GCAGTCCACAGA CCATGTCA-3’
β-actin (F) 5’-AGGGAAATCGTGCGTGACAT-3’
β-actin (R) 5’-GAACCGCTCATTGCCGATAG-3’

TGF-β1, transforming growth factor β1.