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. 2019 Jun 27;11(6):531–541. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v11.i6.531

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©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Serum ammonia levels. Before rifaximin treatment, median of blood ammonia level was 104 μg/dL (range, 59-297 μg/dL), whereas two weeks after the treatment it decreased to 85 μg/dL (34-153), showing a significant difference (P = 0.002). The median values were 71 μg/ dL (47-341) after 4 wk, 79.5 μg/ dL (37-215) after 8 wk, 70 μg/ dL (31-221) after 12 wk, 80.5 μg/dL (44-150) after 24 wk, 81 μg/dL (20-298) after 36 wk, 91 μg/dL (53-169) after 48 wk, and eventually 85 μg/dL (45-192) after 60 wk. Decrease was noted at all the points after the start of the treatment when compared with the ones before it.