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. 2019 Jun 6;19(11):2586. doi: 10.3390/s19112586

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Scheme of delivery of the signal-generating agent (K₄[Fe(CN)₆]) to the surface of the indicator electrode (CSPE/AuNPs). $C_{A}^{S}$ : the concentration of antioxidants in the skin; $C_{A}^{M}$ : the concentration of antioxidants in the membrane; $C_{F e^{2 +}}^{M}$ : the increment of concentration of K₄[Fe(CN)₆] as a result of reaction (1)in the membrane.