Algorithm 1. Shoeprint Image Verification Algorithm

Input: A pair of shoeprints $U$. Output: The total similarity score $p$ and the verification result. 1. Image preprocessing. 2. Feature extraction. Extract partial layer feature, and individual identifying layer feature, respectively. 3. Feature matching. 4. Calculate similarity of global layer feature. 5. For r = 1, 2, …, 19 6. Calculate similarity of partial layer feature with Equation (19). 7. Calculate similarity of individual identifying layer feature with Equation (20). 8. end For 9. Calculate total similarity score with Equation (21). 10. Judgment. Output verification result, identical or non-identical.