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. 2019 Jun 1;16(11):1946. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16111946

Table 2.

Pregnancy outcomes: comparisons by survey method.

Paper Responses
(n = 6029)
Online Responses
(n = 1134)
p Value *
Pregnancy outcome
Birth 5958 (98.8%) 1121 (98.9%)
Other 71 (1.2%) 13 (1.1%) 1.00
Depressive tendency
No 4732 (79.0%) 896 (79.2%)
Yes 1261 (21.0%) 236 (20.8%) 0.76
Preterm birth
No 5817 (97.0%) 1088 (96.9%)
Yes 180 (3.0%) 35 (3.1%) 0.68
Low birth weight
No 5415 (90.9%) 1017 (91.0%)
Yes 544 (9.1%) 101 (9.0%) 0.97
Congenital defects/abnormalities
No 5748 (97.4%) 1093 (97.7%)
Yes 156 (2.6%) 26 (2.3%) 0.63

* Logistic regression model was used to adjust for age.