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. 2019 Mar 29;220(3):484–493. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz128

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© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.

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Figure 1. — Avibactam (AVI) sensitizes New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-1–producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) to killing by LL-37. A, AVI (4 mg/L) synergizes with LL-37 (8 μM) to kill NDM-1–producing KP in a dose-dependent fashion without bacterial regrowth 24 hours after treatment. B–D, Similar findings are seen across additional carbapenemase-producing clinical strains in the presence of 4 mg/L AVI and either 8 μM LL-37 (B and C) or 4 μM LL-37 (D). CFU, colony-forming units; KPC, KP carbapenemase. ****P < .0001, by Kruskal-Wallis 1-way analysis of variance.