Gln Accelerates ETC Activity. (A) MCEC WT and KO were incubated in assay media ±0.5 mM glutamine for 24 h, washed and analyzed for NAD and NADH; n = 3, *p < 0.05 vs Gluc, same genotype. δ: p < 0.05 vs WT. (B) WT MCEC incubated for 4 h ± Gln ± 10 μM Antimycin A and 5 μM Rotenone. n = 3, *p < 0.05 ± drugs. (C) Effect of 0.5 mM Gln on [ATP] in WT and KO MCEC. n = 3, *p < 0.05 vs WT. δ: p < 0.05 at 24 vs zero hours.