Table 5.
Information for participants with Speech Motor Delay (SMD) and participants with No Motor Speech Disorder (No MSD).a.
| SMD |
No MSD |
Inferential Statistics |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | n | M | SD | % | n | M | SD | % | Confidence Interval | Effect Sizeb | p-valuec |
| Demographic | |||||||||||
| Age (yrs) | 50 | 5.1 | 1.7 | 341 | 4.8 | 1.7 | −0.12, 0.47 | 0.18 | |||
| Gender (male) | 80.0 | 70.0 | 0.181 | ||||||||
| Parent Report-Risk Factors | |||||||||||
| Speech, Language, & Learning | |||||||||||
| Articulation/Phonology | 19 | 94.7 | 129 | 79.8 | 0.200 | ||||||
| Apraxia | 19 | 15.8 | 128 | 7.0 | 0.189 | ||||||
| Dysarthria | 19 | 0.0 | 130 | 2.3 | 1.000 | ||||||
| Receptive language disorder | 20 | 15.0 | 133 | 7.5 | 0.380 | ||||||
| Expressive language | 19 | 36.8 | 127 | 14.2 | 0.023 | ||||||
| disorder | |||||||||||
| Structural disorder | 19 | 5.3 | 130 | 4.6 | 1.000 | ||||||
| Fluency disorder | 20 | 10.0 | 133 | 4.5 | 0.281 | ||||||
| Voice Disorder | 20 | 5.0 | 132 | 2.3 | 0.435 | ||||||
| Other Disorder | 19 | 0.0 | 131 | 3.1 | 1.000 | ||||||
| Learning disability | 22 | 4.5 | 137 | 3.6 | 1.000 | ||||||
| Hearing | |||||||||||
| History of hearing problems | 20 | 5.0 | 134 | 9.0 | 1.000 | ||||||
| OME 16+ in first 18 months | 18 | 0.0 | 119 | 5.0 | 1.000 | ||||||
| PE tubes placed | 22 | 18.2 | 137 | 15.3 | 0.754 | ||||||
| Genetics | |||||||||||
| Nuclear family member with | 20 | 30.0 | 132 | 48.5 | 0.152 | ||||||
| verbal trait disorder | |||||||||||
| Cognitive-Linguistic | |||||||||||
| Syllable Repetition Taskd | |||||||||||
| Performance | 24 | −1.18 | 1.39 | 174 | −0.83 | 1.36 | −0.68, 0.17 | −0.26 | |||
| Encoding | 25 | −0.71 | 0.79 | 171 | −0.25 | 1.10 | −0.85, −0.01 | −0.43 S | |||
| Memory | 25 | −1.02 | 1.91 | 177 | −0.49 | 1.48 | −0.76, 0.08 | −0.34 | |||
| Language | |||||||||||
| OWLS: Oral Compositee | 20 | 97.2 | 13.6 | 58 | 94.7 | 14.4 | −0.33, 0.68 | 0.17 | |||
| Average Words/Utterance | 50 | −1.43 | 0.97 | 341 | −0.93 | 1.44 | −0.66, −0.06 | 0.36 S | |||
| Speech | |||||||||||
| PCC | 50 | 71.8 | 14.3 | 341 | 74.5 | 12.2 | −0.51, 0.08 | −0.22 | |||
| PCC-Z | 50 | −3.06 | 1.42 | 341 | −2.51 | 1.51 | −0.66, −0.07 | −0.37 S | |||
| PVC | 50 | 91.9 | 6.1 | 341 | 93.6 | 4.4 | −0.66, −0.07 | −0.36 S | |||
| PVC-Z | 50 | −3.24 | 1.97 | 341 | −2.68 | 1.84 | −0.60, 0.00 | −0.30 | |||
| II | 50 | 88.8 | 10.2 | 341 | 92.1 | 7.8 | −0.70, −0.11 | −0.40 S | |||
| II-Z | 50 | −3.35 | 2.02 | 341 | −2.65 | 2.10 | −0.63, −0.04 | −0.33 S | |||
| OIIf: % Lowered Intelligibility | 34.0 | 14.1 | 0.002 | ||||||||
Notes: OME = Otitis Media with Effusion; PE = Pressure Equalization; PCC-Z = Percentage of Consonants Correct-Z-score; PVC = Percentage of Vowels Correct; PVC-Z = Percentage of Vowels Correct-Z-score; II-Z = Intelligibility Index-Z-score; OII = Ordinal Intelligibility Index.
The right-most three columns include findings from between-group inferential statistical analyses of each variable. Statistically significant findings are bolded.
Effect Size: Small (S) >0.2; Medium (M) >0.5; Large (L) >0.8.
Fisher’s exact tests.
Oral Composite Standard Score from Oral and Written Language Scales (OWLS; Carrow-Woolfolk, 1995).
Mabie and Shriberg (2017). Lowered intelligibility: <85%.