Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study participants.
| Variables | Total | Incomplete group | Complete group | P valuea | ||
| Participants, n (%) | 53 (100) | 33 (63.3) | 20 (37.7) | — | ||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 49.04 (9.60) | 51.97 (8.49) | 44.20 (9.55) | .003 | ||
| Male, n (%) | 39 (73.6) | 22 (66.7) | 17 (85) | .20 | ||
| Current smoker, n (%) | 11 (20.8) | 5 (15.2) | 6 (30) | .17 | ||
| Former smoker, n (%) | 10 (18.9) | 6 (18.2) | 4 (20) | .30 | ||
| Alcohol drinker,b n (%) | 18 (34.0) | 12 (36.4) | 6 (30) | .77 | ||
| Regular exercise,c n (%) | 19 (35.8) | 14 (42.4) | 5 (25) | .20 | ||
| Physically inactive,d n (%) | 29 (54.7) | 18 (54.5) | 11 (55) | .81 | ||
| Medication, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Antihypertensive | 25 (47.2) | 16 (48.5) | 9 (45) | .81 | |
|
|
Antidiabetic | 15 (28.3) | 11 (33.3) | 4 (20) | .30 | |
|
|
Antihyperlipidemia | 18 (34.0) | 13 (39.4) | 5 (25) | .28 | |
| Total number of abnormal metabolic components, n (%) |
|
.19 | ||||
|
|
3 | 31 (58.5) | 18 (54.5) | 13 (65) |
|
|
|
|
4 | 13 (24.5) | 7 (21.2) | 6 (30) |
|
|
|
|
5 | 9 (17.0) | 8 (24.2) | 1 (5) |
|
|
| Have abnormal metabolic component, n (%)e |
|
|
||||
|
|
Central obesity | 44 (83.0) | 26 (78.8) | 18 (90) | .26 | |
|
|
Hyperglycemia | 29 (54.7) | 16 (48.5) | 13 (65) | .59 | |
|
|
High blood pressure | 48 (90.6) | 31 (93.9) | 17 (85) | .12 | |
|
|
Hypertriglyceridemia | 44 (83.7) | 30 (90.9) | 14 (70) | .002 | |
|
|
Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) | 29 (54.7) | 16 (48.5) | 13 (65) | .24 | |
aP value was obtained by chi-square test or independent t test.
bAlcohol drinking was defined as drinking of an average of seven cups for men and five or more cups for women, more than two times per week.
cRegular exercise was defined as having regular activity three or more sessions per week of vigorous activity lasting at least 20 minutes, or five or more sessions per week of light/moderate activity lasting at least 30 minutes in duration.
dPhysically inactive was classified as participation in no sessions of light/moderate or vigorous activity of at least 10 minutes’ duration.
eCentral obesity: waist circumference ≥90 cm for men, ≥85 cm for women. Hyperglycemia: fasting plasma glucose ≥100 mg/dL or the use of antidiabetes medication. High BP: systolic BP ≥130 or diastolic BP ≥85 mm Hg or the use of antihypertensive medication. Hypertriglyceridemia: fasting plasma triglyceride ≥150 mg/dL or the use of lipid-lowering medication. Low HDL-C: fasting plasma HDL-C<50 mg/dL for women, <40 mg/dL for men.