Table 4.
Echocardiographic parameters by CVH stratum
| CVH point score stratum | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covariate | Poor (n = 264) | Intermediate (n = 1,315) | Ideal (n = 1,224) |
P-value for trend |
| LVEDV index (mL/m) | 41 ± 9 | 38 ± 9 | 37 ± 9 | <.001 |
| LVESV (mL/m) | 16 ± 6 | 15 ± 6 | 14 ± 6 | <.001 |
| LVIDd (cm) | 5.2 ± 0.5 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | <.001 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 68 ± 11 | 66 ± 10 | 64 ± 10 | <.001 |
| LV stroke volume (mL) | 93 ± 21 | 88 ± 21 | 86 ± 21 | <.001 |
| Left atrial volume index (mL/m2) | 28 ± 9 | 27 ± 8 | 27 ± 8 | 0.008 |
| Left atrial diameter (cm) | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 3.7 ± 0.5 | 3.6 ± 0.5 | <.001 |
| LV mass index (g/m2.7) | 47 ± 15 | 41 ± 12 | 37 ± 10 | <.001 |
| LVH (N,%) | 111 (44%) | 338 (26%) | 169 (14%) | <.001 |
| Cardiac index (L/min/m2) | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 3.2 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | <.001 |
| LVEF (%) | 62 ± 8 | 62 ± 7 | 62 ± 7 | 0.97 |
| Systolic lateral S′ (cm/sec) | 8.6 ± 2.0 | 9.2 ± 2.3 | 9.3 ± 2.1 | <.001 |
| Lateral E′ velocity (cm/sec) | 10.9 ± 2.9 | 11.6 ± 2.7 | 12.3 ± 2.8 | <.001 |
| Septal E′ velocity (cm/sec) | 8.6 ± 2.5 | 9.2 ± 2.3 | 9.8 ± 2.4 | <.001 |
| E/E′ ratio | 8.0 ± 3.0 | 7.3 ± 2.4 | 6.6 ± 2.1 | <.001 |
| Mitral E/A ratio | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | <.001 |
| Mitral deceleration time (msec) | 179 ± 41 | 178 ± 38 | 178 ± 39 | 0.89 |
| Diastolic dysfunction (primary) | 101 (41%) | 338 (26%) | 220 (18%) | <.001 |
| Diastolic dysfunction (secondary) | 36 (14%) | 100 (8%) | 71 (6%) | <.001 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or as number (percentage). Primary definition of diastolic dysfunction: lateral E′ < 10 cm/sec. Secondary definition of diastolic dysfunction: left atrial volume index > 34 mL/m2 and either lateral E′ < 10 cm/sec or septal E′ < 8 cm/sec. P values refer to the distribution of results for each variable across all three categories of CVH.