Table 2.

Implicit and explicit measures of aggression (mean ± SD) and Mann-Whitney U test statistics for pTBIs and HCs

	pTBIs (n = 112)	HCs (n = 33)	Statistics
Violence IAT D-score	1.13 ± 0.31	1.16 ± 0.26	U = 1744, Z = −0.1, p = 0.91
Congruent RT (ms)	964 ± 411	805 ± 160	U = 1370, Z = −2.0, p = 0.045
Incongruent RT (ms)	1641 ± 710	1381 ± 348	U = 1472, Z = −1.51, p = 0.13
Weapons IAT D-score	0.95 ± 0.4	0.95 ± 0.38	U = 1776, Z = −0.1, p = 0.91
Congruent RT (ms)	923 ± 342	858 ± 189	U = 1714, Z = −0.48, p = 0.63
Incongruent RT (ms)	1322 ± 543	1234 ± 309	U = 1802, Z = −0.062, p = 0.95
AQ (total)	48.77 ± 10.04	53.61 ± 10.03	U = 2375, Z = 2.58, p = 0.01
Physical	50.59 ± 8.93	52.79 ± 11.2	U = 2161, Z = 1.57, p = 0.15
Verbal	48.92 ± 10.78	50.94 ± 12.37	U = 2027, Z = 0.93, p = 0.35
Anger	48.69 ± 12.06	50.67 ± 12.65	U = 2037, Z = 0.98, p = 0.32
Hostility	50.33 ± 11.03	54.67 ± 11.82	U = 2343, Z = 2.44, p = 0.01
Indirect	48.69 ± 11.91	51.48 ± 12.11	U = 2138, Z = 1.46, p = 0.14
AGVQ (total)	20.74 ± 14.98	17.82 ± 9.94	U = 1837, Z = −0.05, p = 0.95
Shame	8.67 ± 16.64	4.36 ± 10.4	U = 1848, Z = 0.08, p = 0.93
Comfort	14.13 ± 18.03	8.7 ± 11.43	U = 1532, Z = −1.42, p = 0.15
Excite	8.84 ± 19.02	3.67 ± 10.53	U = 1798, Z = −0.18, p = 0.85
Power	12.74 ± 18.22	8.64 ± 12.65	U = 1802, Z = −0.13, p = 0.89
STAXI	44.93 ± 9.81	48.42 ± 11.34	t = 1.74, p = 0.085

AQ and AGVQ include total scores and subscores.