Figure 1.

Trial structure and experimental conditions. A, Trial structure of a prime-target pair (both OSV word order in this example) followed by a filler trial (SV word order). On Day 2 the target trial sentence would be followed by a matching picture, on Days 3 and 9 participants would have to choose between two pictures showing the same action with the roles reversed. B, Illustration of the different factors and conditions. One of the two possible word order to target structure-type mapping is shown (the other is frequent: OSV; infrequent: VOS; known: SVO; counterbalanced across participants). The frequency manipulation was introduced on Day 2 (see number of trials Day 2). On Days 3 and 9 all target types occurred equally often. C, Two examples of possible prime-target pairs.