A P2RX7 antagonist and IL-1Ra inhibit Cx3cr1GFP/GFP-BMM photoreceptor toxicity. A, Confocal microscopy of TUNEL (red)-stained retinal flat mounts cultured for 18 h in contact with C57BL/6J-, Cx3cr1GFP/GFP-, and Cx3cr1GFP/GFP-BMMs in the presence of BBG (10 μm) or IL-1Ra (10 mg/ml). Nuclei were stained with Hoechst (blue). Scale bar, 50 μm. B, Quantification of TUNEL-positive nuclei/mm2 in the ONL of retinal flat mounts in contact with C57BL/6J-, Cx3cr1GFP/GFP-, and Cx3cr1GFP/GFP-BMMs in the presence or not of BBG (10 μm) or IL-1Ra (10 mg/ml; n = 4 per group, *p < 0.01; one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post-test vs Cx3cr1GFP/GFP-BMMs, representative of at least 3 experiments). C, Quantification of TUNEL-positive nuclei/mm2 in the ONL of C57BL/6J- or P2rx7−/− explant with C57BL/6J-, Cx3cr1GFP/GFP, or P2rx7−/− BMMs (n = 4 per group, one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's post-test; NS, no significant differences between C57BL/6J and P2rx7−/− explant cultured with Cx3cr1GFP/GFP-BMMs). D, Quantification of TUNEL-positive nuclei/mm2 in the ONL of retinal explant treated or not with 100 μm BzATP (n = 4 per experimental group, Mann–Whitney U test, no statistical difference was found). R, retina.