Behavioral results. A, The cooperation ratio in the first and second half in each study. The cooperation ratio was not different between the first and second half (fMRI study, p = 0.3505; tDCS study, p = 0.1747). B, Behavior. Plots show the rate that participants chose cooperation against reward, guilt, or inequity. C, The relationship between the belief probability, τA, and the rate that participants chose cooperation showed no significant correlation (p = 0.052).