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. 2019 May 3;20(8):1068–1082. doi: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1599660

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

Hippo Pathway for tumor suppression. Inactivation of YAP/TAZ leads to oncogenic transcriptional module. Its inactivation is due to activation of hippo kinases MST1/2 that facilitates activation of LATS1/2 thereby phosporylating and retaining YAP/TAZ in the cytoplasm via 14–3-3 or being subjected to proteasomal or autophagy-induced degradation. Followed by this, suppression of TEAD-mediated gene transcription occurs. On the other hand, inactivation of hippo kinases occurs due to myriad reasons. Inactivation of hippo kinases leads to dephosphorylation of YAP/TAZ and translocates inside the nucleus inducing TEAD target gene expression. However, recent studies highlight Hippo-YAP-independent activation of TEAD too.77,78.