The effect of chronic ARN GABA neuron activation on testosterone and LH pulse frequency in female mice. (A,B) Individual levels of circulating testosterone levels before (black dots) and during treatment with CNO in the drinking water (orange squares) in ARN GABA hM3Dq+ (N = 13) and controls (consisting of ARN GABAOFF Target (N = 5) and ARN GABAmCherry (N = 6) mice. (C) Percentage change in testosterone in response to CNO compared between control and ARN GABAhM3Dq+ mice. (D-F) Representative examples of LH release profiles over 2 h in individual ARN GABA hM3Dq+ and ARN GABAOFF Target animals at the end of 2 weeks of water only (black line and dots) and then following 2 weeks of CNO administration through the drinking water (orange line and square). (G,H) LH pulse frequency before and after CNO treatment period, and (I,J) cumulative LH secretion (area under the curve) before and after CNO treatment period in ARN GABA hM3Dq+ (N = 11) and ARN GABAOFF Target (N = 5) groups. (A,B,G-J) Paired Student's t-tests; (C) Mann-Whitney U test; *** p < .001.