Table 2.
Smoking-attributable fractions for CVD mortality and for hospitalisation for acute coronary syndrome in Australia
| Age (years) | Observed rate in Australia per 100,000 | Prevalence of current smoking in Australia, pcs | Prevalence of former smoking in Australia, pfs | Relative risk for current smokers, RRcs (95%CI) | Relative risk for former smokers, RRfs (95%CI) | Smoking-attributable fraction | Smoking-attributable rate/100,000 | Smoking-attributable events | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVD mortality | |||||||||
| Males | 45–54 | 63 | 20.7 | 37.9 | 3.47 (2.76–4.37) | 1.28 (1.05–1.57) | 38.2 | 24.3 | 370 |
| 55–64 | 142 | 18.3 | 48.6 | 3.47 (2.76–4.37) | 1.28 (1.05–1.57) | 37.1 | 52.5 | 684 | |
| 65–74 | 368 | 11.1 | 54.1 | 3.47 (2.76–4.37) | 1.28 (1.05–1.57) | 30.0 | 110.1 | 1013 | |
| ≥75 | 2299 | 4.0 | 59.7 | 2.12 (1.70–2.63) | 1.18 (1.06–1.30) | 13.0 | 298.7 | 1873 | |
| Females | 45–54 | 22 | 17.2 | 29.4 | 3.47 (2.76–4.37) | 1.28 (1.05–1.57) | 33.7 | 7.5 | 117 |
| 55–64 | 52 | 12.9 | 33.9 | 3.47 (2.76–4.37) | 1.28 (1.05–1.57) | 29.3 | 15.2 | 203 | |
| 65–74 | 155 | 6.9 | 35.1 | 3.47 (2.76–4.37) | 1.28 (1.05–1.57) | 21.3 | 33.0 | 311 | |
| ≥75 | 2273 | 4.5 | 30.1 | 2.12 (1.70–2.63) | 1.18 (1.06–1.30) | 9.3 | 212.3 | 1799 | |
| Total | 14.9 | 6369 | |||||||
| Fatal and non-fatal acute coronary syndrome | |||||||||
| Males | 45–54 | 386 | 20.7 | 37.9 | 2.65 (2.36–2.97) | 1.19 (1.08–1.30) | 29.2 | 112.6 | 1716 |
| 55–64 | 717 | 18.3 | 48.6 | 2.65 (2.36–2.97) | 1.19 (1.08–1.30) | 28.2 | 202.5 | 2638 | |
| 65–74 | 1127 | 11.1 | 54.1 | 2.65 (2.36–2.97) | 1.19 (1.08–1.30) | 22.2 | 250.1 | 2301 | |
| 75–84 | 1861 | 4.0 | 59.7 | 1.76 (1.42–2.19) | 1.19 (1.08–1.31) | 12.5 | 233.3 | 1101 | |
| ≥85 | 3315 | 4.0 | 59.7 | 1.76 (1.42–2.19) | 1.19 (1.08–1.31) | 12.5 | 415.6 | 645 | |
| Females | 45–54 | 125 | 17.2 | 29.4 | 2.65 (2.36–2.97) | 1.19 (1.08–1.30) | 25.3 | 31.7 | 492 |
| 55–64 | 246 | 12.9 | 33.9 | 2.65 (2.36–2.97) | 1.19 (1.08–1.30) | 21.7 | 53.3 | 710 | |
| 65–74 | 489 | 6.9 | 35.1 | 2.65 (2.36–2.97) | 1.19 (1.08–1.30) | 15.3 | 74.6 | 703 | |
| 75–84 | 1099 | 4.5 | 30.1 | 1.76 (1.42–2.19) | 1.19 (1.08–1.31) | 8.4 | 91.8 | 519 | |
| ≥85 | 2436 | 4.5 | 30.1 | 1.76 (1.42–2.19) | 1.19 (1.08–1.31) | 8.4 | 203.6 | 574 | |
| Total | 18.3 | 11,400 | |||||||
Smoking prevalence estimates are from the Australian Health Survey 2014–2015 [19]. Observed rates of CVD mortality are those for all circulatory diseases (rather than any major CVD) in the Australian population [23]. Observed acute coronary syndrome hospitalisations are from national data on hospitalisations for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or unstable angina in 2013 [24]
RRcs and RRfs used for CVD mortality are the broad age group-specific relative risks for mortality from major CVD among current and former smokers, respectively, relative to never smokers. RRcs and RRfs used for acute coronary syndrome are the broad age group-specific relative risks for fatal and non-fatal AMI among current and former smokers, respectively, relative to never smokers