Macaques are efficient foragers in a computerized search task |
No. of trials |
23,826 |
20,509 |
44,335 |
Offers viewed per 4 offer trial |
1.803 |
1.953 |
1.8722 |
Offers viewed per 7 offer trial |
1.9996 |
2.1605 |
2.0742 |
Average reward obtained on 4 offer trials |
69.46% |
67.87% |
68.72% |
Average reward obtained on 7 offer trials |
73.20% |
73.75% |
73.46% |
Behavioral threshold across all trials |
49.26% |
56.77% |
52.56% |
Behavioral threshold for 4 offer trials |
46.77% |
55.06% |
50.30% |
Behavioral threshold for 7 offer trials |
50.99% |
58.29% |
54.33% |
vmPFC neurons signal values of offers |
Percent of neurons significantly encoding current offer value |
40.00% |
25.00% |
33.61% |
vmPFC neurons encode environmental variables previous outcome |
Beta correlation coefficient of behavioral threshold against previous outcome value (p value) |
0.0372 (0.2030) |
0.1292 (<0.001) |
0.0602 (<0.001) |
Percent of neurons significantly encoding previous outcome value (p value) |
27.14% (<0.001) |
17.31% (0.0010) |
22.95% (<0.001) |
Beta correlation coefficient of firing rate against previous outcome value (p value) |
−0.1415 (0.6039) |
0.7718 (0.0042) |
−0.4974 (0.0377) |
Previous offer |
Beta correlation coefficient of behavioral threshold against previous offer value (p value) |
0.1243 (0.1202) |
0.1515 (<0.001) |
0.1073 (0.0019) |
Percent of neurons significantly encoding previous offer value (p value) |
24.29 (<0.001) |
5.77 (1.000) |
16.39 (<0.001) |
Beta correlation coefficient of firing rate against previous offer value (p value) |
7.334 (<0.001) |
0.2565 (0.0736) |
4.391 (<0.001) |
View number |
Beta correlation coefficient of behavioral threshold against view number (p value) |
−0.04849 (0.0063) |
−0.0267 (<0.001) |
−0.0346 (<0.001) |
Percent of neurons significantly encoding view number (p value) |
42.86% (<0.001) |
19.23 (<0.001) |
32.79 (<0.001) |
Beta correlation coefficient of firing rate against view number (p value) |
0.02553 (0.00895) |
0.03073 (0.03272) |
0.02775 (0.017549) |
Reward rate |
Beta correlation coefficient of behavioral threshold against reward rate of past 10 trials (p value) |
0.4708 (<0.001) |
0.3133 (<0.001) |
0.2361 (<0.001) |
Percent of neurons significantly encoding reward rate of past 10 trials (p value) |
34.29 (<0.001) |
30.77 (<0.001) |
0.3279 (<0.001) |
Spatial positions of offers |
Percentage of neurons encoding current offer quadrant position |
30.00% |
11.54% |
22.13% |
Percentage of neurons encoding current offer left-right position |
18.57% |
19.23% |
18.85% |
Percentage of neurons encoding current offer up-down |
22.86% |
1.92% |
13.93% |