Table 1.
Description of Studies Meeting Inclusion Criteria
| Year | Authors | Sample Size | Sample Location | Sample Location Type | Focal Population | Health Issue | Age (mean years) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | Kalichman et al. | 138 people | USA (Georgia) | Community-recruited | African Americans with HIV | HIV treatment adherence | Adults (M = 39.7) |
| 2006 | Arozullah et al. | 400 people | USA (Chicago, IL) | Veteran's Affairs general inpatients | General inpatients | Preventable hospitalizations | Adults (M = 60.5) |
| 2006 | Lee et al. | 3,260 people | USA (Ohio, Texas, Florida) | Medicare enrollees in a national managed care organization | New Medicare enrollees | Health care use for older adults | 65+ |
| 2009 | Lee et al. | 489 people | USA (Illinois) | One hospital and one health center | Medicare recipients | Heath status of older adults | 65+ (M = 77.8) |
| 2010 | Johnson et al. | 275 people | USA (Georgia) | Pharmacy-based | Pharmacy patients | Medication adherence | Adults (M = 53.9) |
| 2010 | Osborn et al. | 130 people | USA (South Carolina) | One university medical clinic | Adults with diabetes | Type 2 diabetes | Adults (M = 62.7) |
| 2010 | Rosland et al. | 439 people | USA (Michigan) | A large university-based healthcare system | Patients with diabetes or heart failure | Diabetes or heart failure | Adults (range, 25–95) |
| 2010 | Ussher et al. | 321 people | UK (London) | One hospital | Adults with coronary heart disease | Coronary heart disease | 21–91 (M = 64.4) |
| 2011 | Rosland et al. | 439 patients, 88 primary care providers | USA (Michigan) | A large university-based healthcare system | Patients with diabetes or heart failure | Diabetes or heart failure | Adults (range, 25–95) |
| 2011 | Rubin et al. | 334 people | USA (Georgia) | Older adults receiving nutritional services from public agencies | Older adults receiving public nutritional services, African American or white | Health information and communication for older adults | 65+ (M = 74.70) |
| 2013 | Cimasi et al. | 114 counties | USA (Missouri) | Population-level analysis of state data | County-level population | Preventable hospitalization | Age groups from <15 to >65 |
| 2013 | Garcia et al. | 174 patient-caregiver dyads | USA (Texas) | Community clinics and senior centers in one city | Hispanic elders and caregivers | General health for older adults | 65+ (M elders = 75.5; M carers = 57.2) |
| 2013 | Inoue et al. | 269 people | Japan | 17 clinics | Adult diabetes patients | Type 2 diabetes | Adults (M = 64.4) |
| 2013 | Yang et al. | 1,098 people | Taiwan | Community-based, island-wide sampling frame | General population | Health information and communication | 15–85 years (M = 35.3) |
| 2014 | Fry-Bowers et al. | 124 people | USA (California) | Five women, infants and children clinics in one city | Low-income, Latina mothers | Child health | Adults (M = 30.25) |
| 2014 | Levin et al. | 17 patient/caregiver dyads | USA (Ohio) | Academic heart failure management program | Patients with heart failure and their caregivers | Heart failure | 65+ (M patients = 80.2; M caregivers = 66.9) |
| 2014 | Mayberry et al. | 192 people | USA (Tennessee) | One federally qualified health center | Adults with type 2 diabetes receiving care at a Federally Qualified Health Center | Type 2 diabetes | Adults (M = 51.6) |
| 2014 | Santos et al. | 144 teachers, 116 learners | USA (California) | Five English as a Second Language classes | English as a Second Language learners | Type 2 diabetes prevention | Adults |
| 2014 | Sentell et al. | 11,779 people | USA (Hawaii) | Population-based in a state | Hawaii residents | Individual and community-level health literacy | Age groups from 18–85+ |
| 2014 | Stewart et al. | 200 people | USA (Texas) | Subsample of larger smoking cessation treatment study | Adult smokers | Smoking and depression | Adults (M = 46.1) |
| 2014 | Waldrop-Valverde et al. | 210 people | USA (Florida) | One hospital and one clinic in one state | HIV positive | HIV and health care use | Adults |
| 2015 | Aikens et al. | 98 people | USA (Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, Indiana) | 16 outpatient Veterans' Affairs clinics in four states | Veterans' Affairs patients with diabetes | Diabetes medication adherence | Adults (M = 66.6) |
| 2015 | Beauchamp et al. | 813 people | Australia (urban and regional Victoria) | Health and community organizations | Health service users | Health information/communication | Adults (M = 72.1) |
| 2015 | Chisolm et al. | 278 parent/teen dyads | USA (Ohio) | Pediatric Medicaid accountable care organization | Teens with special health care need, Medicaid population | Adolescent health/chronic or disabling conditions/health communication | Teens (12–18) and their adult caregivers |
| 2015 | Hahn et al. | 295 people | USA (Illinois) | One outpatient clinic | Type 2 diabetes | Type 2 diabetes | Adults (M English = 54.8; M Spanish = 54.5) |
| 2015 | Kim et al. | 950 people | South Korea (Seoul) | Community-based; quota sampling on census data | Korean adults | Health information and communication | Adults 20–79 |
| 2015 | Kobayashi et al. | 4,368 people | England | Community-based, representative of population | Aging adults | Health literacy decline | Adults >52 |
| 2015 | Lambert et al. | 153 people | Australia (Wollongong) | Hospital renal unit | Patients with chronic kidney disease | Chronic kidney disease | Adults (M = 64.1) |
| 2015 | Maneze et al. | 552 people | Australia | Community-based (snowball sampling) | Filipino-Australians | Health-seeking behavior | Adults (M = 44) |
| 2016 | Dodson et al. | 100 dialysis patients and 813 controls | Australia (Melbourne) | Renal service (for dialysis patients) | People receiving dialysis vs. controls (consumers of other health or social services) | Quality of life and psychological distress of people receiving dialysis | Adults (M = 68.2) |
| 2016 | Geboers et al. | 3,241 people | The Netherlands | Subset of a population-based cohort study | Older adults | Health literacy, health behaviors, and social factors | Older adults (M = 68.9) |
| 2016 | Waverijn et al. | 1,811 people | The Netherlands | Population-based panel study | Chronic disease | Neighborhood social capital and chronic illness | Adults (M = 62.9) |
| 2016 | Zou et al. | 321 people | China (Shandong) | General hospital | Heart failure patients | Depressive symptoms and heart failure | Adults (M = 63.6) |
| 2017 | Jessup et al. | 384 people | Australia (Melbourne) | Acute public hospital | Hospital inpatients | Hospital services use | Adults (M = 64) |
Note. The study also included an additional 26 patients and 7 pharmacists in a qualitative component. The 275 individuals were in the quantitative component.