Figure 1.

Comparison of spontaneous PMN apoptosis between healthy (H) and T2DM subjects.

PMNs (1 × 10⁶ cells/ml) were resuspended and cultured in RPMI 1640, supplemented with 10% FBS at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ atmosphere. (A) Comparison between TUNEL assay and Annexin V in measurement of PMN apoptosis. The results showed a similar trend between both methods. PMNs were collected at time points 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h and were analyzed by TUNEL assay. (B) Spontaneous PMN apoptosis of healthy and T2DM subjects. A significant delay is seen in the T2DM group compared with the healthy group at the 12 h time point. (C) Effect of duration of diabetes on the spontaneous PMN apoptosis. Trends suggest a delay caused by increased disease duration but no significance. (D) Spontaneous PMN apoptosis in T2DM groups based on glycemic control. A significant delay is seen in the group with HbA1c >7.5 (n = 9) compared with the ≤7.5 group (n = 7) at the 12 h time point. (E) Effect of BMI on spontaneous PMN apoptosis in the T2DM group. A significant delay is observed in the group with BMI >30 (n = 6) compared with the ≤30 group (n = 10) at the 12 h time point. Error bars represent se. *P < 0.05 at the 12 h time point by Student’s t test.