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. 2016 Jun 2;100(2):305–314. doi: 10.1189/jlb.4RU0216-084R

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Phenotype of exhausted MAIT cells. PD‐1 is linked to exhaustion of MAIT cells in HIV, HIV/TB coinfection, and chronic HCV disease. Both exhausted and activated MAIT cells also down‐regulate CD161. The role of other coinhibitory molecules, such as TIM‐3 and CD244, and immune activation molecules, such as HLA‐DR, CD38, CD69, and CD57, are currently being investigated. Abnormal expression patterns of the transcription factors T‐bet and EOMES are believed to result in insufficiency of cytotoxic functions and cytokine production by MAIT cells.