Figure 1.
A) Hormonal regulation of androgen production by the hypothalamus B) AR-dependent gene expression and effect of AR antagonists C) Full length androgen receptor (ARFL) and the clinically relevant splice variants (ARSVs) AR-V7 and AR-V12.10,11 Full length receptor has three distinct domains (C-terminal ligand binding – LBD, DNA binding – DBD, and N-terminal transactivation – TAD/NTD) while the splice variants lack a functional ligand binding domain. Most splice variants such as AR-V7 are constitutively active. (HR = hinge region, NLS = nuclear localization signal)