Table 1. Anthropometric and body composition data from beginning to end of first-year university in male (n = 72) and female (n = 229) students.

	Beginning	End	Change	Sex p and η2*	Time p and η2*	Interaction p and η2*
Body weight (kg)				<0.001; 0.26	<0.001; 0.36	<0.001; 0.075
Male	76.1 ± 12	79.9 ± 13	3.8 ± 4
Female	61.4 ± 11	63.2 ± 12	1.8 ± 3
Height (cm)				<0.001; 0.48	0.26; 0.004	0.85; <0.001
Male	178.4 ± 7	178.4 ± 7	0.0 ± 1
Female	164.7 ± 6	164.7 ± 6	0.0 ± 1
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)				0.005; 0.027	0.032; 0.015	0.001; 0.035
Male	23.9 ± 3	25.1 ± 4	1.2 ± 1
Female	22.6 ± 4	23.3 ± 4	0.7 ± 1
Waist circumference (cm)				0.001; 0.036	0.067; 0.011	0.014; 0.020
Male	81.5 ± 9	84.2 ± 9	2.7 ± 5
Female	78.2 ± 10	79.3 ± 9	1.1 ± 5
Hip circumference (cm)†				0.004; 0.028	0.002; 0.031	0.39; 0.002
Male	99.1 ± 7	100.6 ± 8	1.5 ± 5
Female	96.2 ± 8	97.2 ± 9	1.0 ± 4
Waist to Hip Ratio				0.023; 0.017	0.001; 0.037	0.046; 0.013
Male female	0.82 ± 0.06 0.81 ± 0.06	0.84 ± 0.05 0.82 ± 0.05	0.02 ± 0.05 0.004 ± 0.05
Fat Mass (kg)				<0.001; 0.069	<0.001; 0.29	0.001; 0.036
Male	12.1 ± 6	14.8 ± 8	2.7 ± 3
Female	17.5 ± 8	19.0 ± 8	1.5 ± 3
Body Fat (%)				<0.001; 0.35	<0.001; 0.24	0.018; 0.019
Male	15.4 ± 6	17.8 ± 7	2.4 ± 3
Female	27.6 ± 7	29.1 ± 7	1.5 ± 3
Lean Mass (kg)				<0.001; 0.67	0.27; 0.004	<0.001; 0.035
Male	64.1 ± 8	65.2 ± 9	1.1 ± 2
Female	43.9 ± 5	44.2 ± 5	0.3 ± 2

All results are shown as mean ± SD

* Significance from 2-way RMANOVA (Group: sex; Time: beginning to end), significantly different with P value ≤0.05, and effect size was determined by partial eta-squared.

† Hip Circumference was not collected for one participant in each sex.

Body mass index with moderate PA and living arrangement as covariates; Waist and hip circumference with cohort as a covariate; Waist to hip ratio with vigorous PA as a covariate; Lean mass with faculty of study as a covariate.