Table Ia:
Baseline Characteristics in Children by BMI Classification
| BMI classification | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n=747) | Lean <85% (n=405) | Overweight 85-94% (n=130) | Obese ≥95% (n=212) | p-value | |
| Age (yrs) | 12.1 (3.0) | 12.1 (3.1) | 12.0 (2.9) | 12.0 (3.0) | 0.90 |
| Female, n (%) | 297 (39.8%) | 164 (40.5%) | 52 (40.0%) | 81 (38.2%) | 0.86 |
| Hispanic/Latino, n (%) | 147 (19.7%) | 78 (19.3%) | 24 (18.5%) | 45 (21.2%) | 0.78 |
| Race, n (%) | 0.38 | ||||
| Caucasian | 334 (44.7%) | 189 (46.7%) | 58 (44.6%) | 87 (41.0%) | |
| African-American | 333 (44.6%) | 166 (41.0%) | 63 (48.5%) | 104 (49.1%) | |
| Asian | 8 (1.1%) | 5 (1.2%) | 1 (0.8%) | 2 (0.9%) | |
| Other | 72 (9.6%) | 45 (11.1%) | 8 (6.2%) | 19 (9.0%) | |
| Age of asthma onset (yrs) | 3.3 (3.1) | 3.2 (3.1) | 3.6 (3.4) | 3.4 (2.9) | 0.47 |
| Atopy, n (%) | 598 (80.1%) | 325 (80.2%) | 104 (80.0%) | 169 (79.7%) | 0.99 |
| URI Trigger, n (%) | 312 (91.2%) | 160 (89.9%) | 64 (90.1%) | 88 (94.6%) | 0.01 |
| Steroid courses in last yr | 1.4 (1.8) | 1.3 (1.7) | 1.6 (2.0) | 1.5 (1.8) | 0.24 |
| Controller Therapy, n (%) | |||||
| Inhaled corticosteroid | 339 (45.4%) | 189 (46.7%) | 56 (43.1%) | 94 (44.5%) | 0.74 |
| Inhaled combo | 430 (57.6%) | 225 (55.6%) | 81 (62.3%) | 124 (58.5%) | 0.38 |
| Oral anti-leukotriene | 330 (44.2%) | 169 (41.7%) | 68 (52.3%) | 93 (43.9%) | 0.11 |
| Pre-Bronchodilator | |||||
| FVC (L) | 3.052 (1.1) | 2.940 (1.1) | 3.144 (1.1) | 3.208 (1.1) | 0.01 |
| FEV1 (L) | 2.407 (0.9) | 2.368 (0.9) | 2.444 (0.9) | 2.458 (0.8) | 0.20 |
| FEV1/FVC (L) | 0.794 (0.1) | 0.809 (0.1) | 0.781 (0.1) | 0.774 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| FEV1 % predicted | 92.4 (15.8) | 92.5 (16.5) | 92.9 (15.2) | 91.9 (14.9) | 0.75 |
| % change in FEV1 | 9.1 (10.1) | 8.9 (10.3) | 10.3 (10.8) | 8.8 (9.1) | 0.52 |
| Asthma Scales | |||||
| ACT | 19.6 (3.8) | 19.8 (3.7) | 19.2 (3.6) | 19.4 (4.1) | 0.51 |
| cACT | 18.6 (4.1) | 18.6 (3.7) | 18.4 (4.2) | 18.7 (4.4) | 0.77 |
| ACQ | 1.031 (0.736) | 0.983 (0.698) | 1.125 (0.743) | 1.077 (0.799) | 0.38 |
| ASUI | 0.842 (0.140) | 0.852 (0.128) | 0.837 (0.141) | 0.828 (0.158) | 0.32 |
| GERD, n (%) | 62 (8.3%) | 29 (7.2%) | 6 (4.6%) | 27 (12.8%) | 0.01 |
| Regular PPI use, n (%) | 159 (29.2%) | 80 (28.7%) | 21 (20.4%) | 58 (35.6%) | 0.03 |
| OSA, n (%) | 19 (4.6%) | 8 (3.9%) | 2 (2.9%) | 9 (7.1%) | 0.26 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Immunodeficiency, n (%) | 5 (0.8%) | 3 (0.9%) | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | 0.90 |
| Smoking, n (%) | |||||
| Current/Former | 2 (0.5%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0.66 |
| Never | 441 (99.5%) | 248 (99.6%) | 79 (100.0%) | 114 (99.1%) | |
| SHS, n (%) | 238 (31.9%) | 119 (29.4%) | 43 (33.1%) | 76 (35.8%) | 0.25 |
URI – upper respiratory infection; FVC – forced vital capacity; FEV1 – forced expiratory volume in one second; ACT – Asthma Control Test; cACT – Childhood Asthma Control Test; ACQ – Asthma Control Questionnaire; ASUI – Asthma Symptom Utility Index; GERD – Gastroesophageal reflux disease; PPI – proton pump inhibitor; OSA – obstructive sleep apnea, SHS – secondhand smoke. Bold indicates statistical significance (p<0.05). Results are expressed as number of participants (percentage) for categorical variables and mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables. P-values determined by chi-square test for categorical variables and Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables.