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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 3.
Published in final edited form as: Oncogene. 2016 Nov 14;36(12):1607–1618. doi: 10.1038/onc.2016.312

Figure 3. PIK3R1 neomorphs activate PI3K and MAPK signaling.

Figure 3.

p6α neomorphs activate ERK and JNK signaling pathways to promote cell growth, survival, invasion and inhibit apoptosis. Binding of neomorphs to Cdc42 and Rac1 leads to phosphorylation of Braf, MKK1/2 and ERK1/2 in the cytoplasm. Cdc42 and Rac1 also facilitate the translocation of p85α neomorphs from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where the neomorphs act as scaffolds for a MLK3/MKK7/JNK1/JNK2 complex that activates nuclear JNK signaling. The neomorphs also activate AKT but the mechanism is unknown. RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase. GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor.