Table 2.

The association between psychosocial factors and low self-efficacy at baseline (1986) using logistic regression in the pooled sample (n = 3361)

	HR	95 % CI	HR	95 % CI	HR	95 % CI	HR	95 % CI
	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3		Model4
Blacks	1.20	0.95–1.51	0.95	0.76–1.18	0.82#	0.65–1.03	1.53*	1.06–2.22
Gender (women)	1.27*	1.05–1.54	1.19#	0.97–1.46	1.08	0.87–1.33	1.08	0.87–1.34
Age	1.00	0.99–1.00	0.99***	0.98–1.00	0.99**	0.99–1.00	0.99*	0.99–1.00
Education			0.65***	0.53–0.80	0.77	0.63–0.94	0.84#	0.68–1.03
Income			0.50***	0.41–0.62	0.57***	0.45–0.72	0.56***	0.44–0.72
Stressful life events (any)			1.16	0.93–1.44	1.10	0.88–1.37	1.15	0.91–1.47
Chronic medical conditions					1.00	0.92–1.09	1.00	0.92–1.09
Self-rated health (poor)					1.60**	1.19–2.15	1.77**	1.24–2.51
Depressive symptoms					6.02***	4.45–8.14	6.04***	4.23–8.63
Black × education							0.56*	0.35–0.89
Black × income							1.18	0.65–2.16
Black × stressful life events							0.55*	0.31–0.99
Black × self-rated health (poor)							0.68#	0.46–1.02
Black × depressive symptoms							1.02	0.57–1.82

^#p < 0.1;

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01;

^***p < 0.001