Fig. 5.

Quantile-quantile (Q–Q) plot of the observed p-values from the expected p-values of RHM using (1) 1000-SNP window size (λ = 1.06), (2) 500-SNP window size (λ = 1.08), and 200-SNP window size (λ = 1.09). The observed $-lo{g}_{10}$ (p-values) are shown by black dots, and the expected values under null distribution are shown by a red line. Significant windows (FDR of 5%) are highlighted by red dots