Table 2.

Average sleep and wake discrepancy by treatment group assignment (control vs. treatment), with the difference (control minus treatment), and standardized difference (Cohen’s d) with 95% confidence intervals and test of significance comparing treatment vs. control groups (t statistic and p-value) reported at each of four time points (baseline, 3-months, 6-months, and 12-months).

Time	[A] Controla	[B] Treatmenta	[C] Difference	[D] t statistic and p-value	[E] Cohen’s d
Sleep Discrepancy
Baseline	−59.1 (−81.1, −37.2)***	−66.5 (−82.1, −51.0)***	7.4 (−19.5, 34.3)	t(157) = 0.55, p=0.586	0.09(−0.24,0.42)
3-Months	−43.3 (−60.5, −26.1)***	−12.7 (−25.4, 0.1)	−30.6 (−52.1, −9.2)	t(144) = −2.83, p=0.005	−0.49(−0.83,−0.14)
6-Months	−29.3 (−47.2, −11.5)**	−0.6 (−14.4, 13.2)	−28.7 (−51.2, −6.1)	t(129) = −2.51, p=0.013	−0.45(−0.81,−0.09)
12-Months	−26.8 (−46.0, −7.7)**	−2.2 (−17.1, 12.8)	−24.6 (−48.9, −0.4)	t(122) = −2.01, p=0.047	−0.37(−0.74,−0.01)
Wake Discrepancy
Baseline	51.9 (30.1, 73.7)***	61.0 (45.6, 76.4)***	−9.1 (−35.8, 17.6)	t(157) = −0.67, p=0.501	−0.11(−0.44,0.22)
3-Months	32.2 (16.9, 47.4)***	−7.3 (−18.6, 4.0)	39.5 (20.5, 58.4)	t(144) = 4.11, p=0.000	0.71(0.36,1.06)
6-Months	20.9 (3.6, 38.3)*	−13.6 (−27.0, −0.1)*	34.5 (12.6, 56.4)	t(129) = 3.11, p=0.002	0.56(0.20,0.92)
12-Months	25.0 (6.2, 43.7)**	−1.0 (−15.7, 13.6)	26.0 (2.2, 49.8)	t(122) = 2.16, p=0.033	0.40(0.03,0.77)

N(Baseline)=158, N(3 Months)=145, N(6 Months)=130, N(12 Months)=123.

^aSignificance of the test that the average sleep or wake discrepancy equals 0 is indicated as:

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01,

^***p < 0.001.