. 2019 Jul 4;9:9692. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46281-x

Table 4.

Effect of root colonization with AMF on the photosynthetic pigments (mg g⁻¹ fresh wt) and total flavonoid content (mg rutin equivalents 100 g⁻¹ fresh wt) in the leaves of tomato plants infected with ToMV (21 days after inoculation).

Treatment*	Chl. a	Chl. b	Carotenoids	Total flavonoids
C	2.18 ± 0.27^b	1.42 ± 0.16^b	0.78 ± 0.05^b	223 ± 4.32^d
M	2.59 ± 0.32^a	1.73 ± 0.14^a	0.85 ± 0.04^a	298 ± 5.66^c
V	1.77 ± 0.15^c	1.05 ± 0.12^c	0.63 ± 0.06^c	381 ± 3.45^b
V + M	2.14 ± 0.22^b	1.40 ± 0.11^b	0.77 ± 0.05^b	497 ± 6.27^a

C = untreated control, M = colonized with AMF, and V = infected with ToMV.

*Values of each column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Duncan’s multiple range test (P ≤ 0.05), each value represents the mean of four replicates ± SD.