Table 5. Factors related to a longer hospitalization (≥10 days) in scrub typhus.
| Characteristic | LOS ≥10 days (n = 129) | Univariate | P-valuea | Multivariate | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |||||
| Elderly, ≥65 years | 83 (64.3) | 2.773 (1.865–4.125) | <0.001 | |||
| Gender, male/female (%, male) | 37/92 (28.7) | 0.350 | ||||
| Underlying diseases | ||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 25 (19.4) | 1.573 (0.956–2.589) | 0.095 | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 53 (41.1) | 1.835 (1.236–2.724) | 0.003 | |||
| Chronic kidney disease | 2 (1.6) | 4.559 (0.636–32.670) | 0.153 | |||
| Chronic hepatic disease | 5 (3.9) | 0.936 (0.350–2.501) | >0.999 | |||
| Clinical symptoms and signs | ||||||
| Eschar | 101 (78.3) | 0.439 (0.268–0.719) | 0.002 | |||
| Rash | 84 (65.1) | 0.538 (0.357–0.812) | 0.005 | 0.558 (0.362–0.859) | 0.008 | |
| Headache | 56 (43.4) | 0.626 (0.614–1.325) | 0.902 | |||
| Nausea/Vomiting | 28 (21.7) | 0.991 (0.624–1.574) | >0.999 | |||
| Cough | 32 (24.8) | 1.308 (0.836–2.048) | 0.235 | |||
| Sputum | 22 (17.1) | 1.307 (0.779–2.190) | 0.329 | |||
| Abdominal discomfort | 21 (16.3) | 1.571 (0.920–2.681) | 0.100 | |||
| Sore throat | 17 (13.2) | 1.318 (0.741–2.344) | 0.349 | |||
| Dizziness | 12 (9.3) | 0.907 (0.473–1.742) | 0.872 | |||
| Dyspnea | 11 (8.5) | 2.615 (1.220–5.603) | 0.016 | |||
| Altered mental status | 5 (3.9) | 4.645 (1.325–16.286) | 0.021 | |||
| Conjunctival injection | 4 (3.1) | 0.421 (0.148–1.198) | 0.111 | |||
| Pulmonary edema/pleural effusion | 41 (32.0) | 3.855 (2.442–6.086) | <0.001 | 2.774 (1.700–4.528) | <0.001 | |
| Laboratory values at admission | ||||||
| Platelet count ≤100 × 109/L | 26 (20.2) | 1.652 (1.010–2.704) | 0.053 | |||
| Albumin ≤3 g/dL | 57 (44.2) | 3.548 (2.363–5.326) | <0.001 | |||
| AST ≥200 IU/L | 17 (13.2) | 1.294 (0.728–2.299) | 0.355 | |||
| ALT ≥200 IU/L | 12 (9.3) | 0.737 (0.387–1.403) | 0.448 | |||
| Total bilirubin ≥1.5 mg/dL | 13 (10.1) | 2.133 (1.076–4.228) | 0.037 | 4.571 (2.274–9.189) | <0.001 | |
| BUN ≥20 mg/dL | 44 (34.1) | 3.440 (2.223–5.323) | <0.001 | |||
| Creatinine ≥1.5 mg/dL | 17 (13.2) | 4.490 (2.263–8.907) | <0.001 | 15.377 (6.346–37.259) | <0.001 | |
| CRP ≥10 mg/dL | 48 (37.2) | 1.419 (0.952–2.115) | 0.092 | |||
| ADA ≥100 IU/L | 21 (16.3) | 3.033 (1.700–5.412) | <0.001 | 2.422 (1.274–4.606) | 0.007 | |
| Ferritin ≥500 ng/mL | 66 (51.2) | 1.783 (1.215–2.619) | 0.004 | 1.582 (1.058–2.366) | 0.025 | |
| LDH ≥500 U/L | 74 (57.4) | 1.378 (0.938–2.025) | 0.119 | |||
| ALP ≥400 IU/L | 40 (31.0) | 1.172 (0.774–1.775) | 0.451 | |||
| GTP ≥100 U/L | 41 (31.8) | 1.046 (0.694–1.577) | 0.834 | |||
LOS, length of hospital stay; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CRP, C-reactive protein; ADA, adenosine deaminase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GTP, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.
aPearson chi-square test or Fisher exact test.