Table 1. Select studies of SBRT for HCC.
| Study | n | Stage | CP | SBRT details | Outcomes | Toxicities of grade 3+ |
| Bujold et al.93 (2013) Prospective (phase I/II) |
102 | BCLC A/B 34% BCLC C 66% |
A 100% | Median 36 Gy in 6 fractions | Median OS 17m | 30% |
| Culleton et al.94 (2014) Prospective |
29 | BCLC B 7% BCLC C/D 93% |
B 96% C 4% |
30 Gy in 6 fractions | 1y LC 87% 1y OS 55% |
63% decline in CP score by >= 2 |
| Lasley et al.95 (2015) Prospective |
59 | TNM stage: I 80% II 10% III 3% |
A 64% B 36% |
48 Gy in 3 fractions (CP A) 40 Gy in 5 fractions (CP B) |
CP A 2y LC 91%, 3y OS 61%, median OS 45m CP B 2y LC 82%, 3y OS 26%, median OS 17m |
CP A 11% CP B 38% |
| Kang et al.96 (2012) Prospective (phase II) |
47 | BCLC A 17% BCLC B 66% BCLC C 17% |
A 87% B 13% |
Median 57 Gy in 3 fractions (range 42–60 Gy) |
2y LC 95% 2y OS 69% CR by 6m 38%, PR 38% |
6% |
| Sanuki et al.97 (2014) | 185 | TNM stage: I 84% II 11% III 4% |
A 85% B 15% |
CP A 40 Gy in 5 fractions CP B 35 Gy in 5 fractions |
3y LC 91% 3y OS 70% |
13% 1% grade 5 liver failure |
| Jang et al.98 (2013) | 82 | BCLC A 52% BCLC B 29% BCLC C 18% |
A 90% B 10% |
Median 51 Gy in 3 fractions | 2y LC 87% 2y OS 63% |
3% |
| Yoon et al.99 (2013) | 93 | NR | A 74% B 26% |
Median 45 Gy (range 30–60 Gy in 3–4 fractions) | 3y OS 54% HCC >3 cm 3y LC 76% HCC 2.1–3 cm 3y LC 93% HCC <= 2 cm 3y LC 100% |
6.5% |
| Yamashita et al.100 (2015) | 79 | I 36% II 26% III 9% |
A 85% B 11% C 1% |
Mode 45 Gy (range 30–60 Gy in 3–4 fractions) |
2y LC 64% 2y OS 53% |
0% |
| Hasan et al.101 (2017) | 40 | BCLC 0 15% BCLC A 25% BCLC B 60% |
A 100% | Mean 45 Gy (range 40–50 Gy in 4–5 fractions) |
2y in field LC 98% 2y intrahepatic control 62% 2y OS 60% Path CR 62% |
0% |
| Moore et al.62 (2017) |
23 | BCLC A 100% | A 56% B 44% |
Median 54 Gy in 3 fractions | CR 27%, PR 54%, SD 18% Median OS not reached for transplanted patients Median OS 23m for non-transplanted patients |
4% developed RILD but underwent successful transplant |
| Qiu et al.63 (2018) | 93 | AJCC: I 50% II 14% IIIA 23% IIIB 5% IV 9% CLIP: 0 29% 1 26% 2 32% 3 13% |
A 54% B/C 46% |
50–60 Gy in 5–10 fractions | CR 1%, PR 35%, SD 44%, PD 20% 3y OS 21% Median OS 8.8m |
10% |
Abbreviations: CP, Child-Pugh; CR, complete response; FFLP, freedom from local progression; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; LC, local control; NR, not reported; OS, overall survival; PD, progressive disease; PFS, progression-free survival; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease; SBRT, stereotactic body radiotherapy, TNM, TNM classification of malignant tumors.