Table 2. PTB medical treatment in those with liver disease.

Concomitant immunocompromising conditions	Initial therapy	Continuation therapy	Comments
No liver disease65	2 months of INH, RIF, PZA and EMB given dailyϕ	INH and RIF daily for at least an additional 4 months
No liver disease, HIV+ on antiretroviral therapy65	2 months of INH, RIF, PZA and EMB given daily	INH and RIF daily for at least an additional 4 months	As HIV patients are often on many additional medications, caution must be used when managing possible drug-drug interactions between HAART and TB therapy
No liver disease, HIV+ not on antiretroviral therapy/ delayed response to therapy67	2 months of INH, RIF, PZA and EMB given daily	INH and RIF daily for at least an additional 7 months
Treatment failure70			Revision of therapy with at least three unused medications with at a minimum one injectable agent while awaiting sensitivities
Liver disease present 12	RIF, PZA and EMB for 6 months
	INH, RIF, EMB for 2 months	followed by INH and RIF for another 7 months
	RIF, EMB, a fluoroquinolone, cycloserine/ injectable agents for 12–18 months
	SM, EMB, fluoroquinolone (e.g., moxifloxacin), and another second-line oral drug		Second-line agents: fluoroquinolones, rifabutin, ethionamide, amino salicylic acid, cycloserine

^ϕWhile additional TB therapies have been found to be equally efficacious in cases of pulmonary disease, listed treatment regimens reflect those that have been trialed specifically in cases of abdominal tuberculosis.

Abbreviations: EMB, ethambutol; HAART, highly-active antiretroviral therapy; INH, isoniazid; PZA, pyrazinamide; RIF, rifampin; TB, tuberculosis.