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. 2019 Jul 3;9:9579. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-45980-9

Table 2.

Adhesive remnant index scores of metal and ceramic bracket debonding at 24 h and post 5000 thermo-cycles. The control subgroups showed significantly higher ARI scores than the two experimental subgroups, which exhibited non-significant differences between them.

Bracket Type Sub groups No. of Samples ARI Scores Statistics: Mann-Whitney Statistics: Kruskal-Wallis
0 1 2 3
Metal 24 h WS Control 20 2 6 (2EC) 6 (2EF) 6 A* H = 49.69 df = 2 p < 0.001
BPA 20 17 3 0 0 B*
BCA 20 20 0 0 0 B*
Ceramic 24 h WS Control 20 0 6 4 (3EC) 10 (4EF) A* H = 52.20 df = 2 p < 0.001
BPA 20 13 7 0 0 B*
BCA 20 20 0 0 0 B*
Metal TC Control 20 3 7 (1EC) 6 (2EF) 4 A* H = 53.30 df = 2 p < 0.001
BPA 20 19 0 0 1 B*
BCA 6 (14 BF) 20 0 0 0 B*
Ceramic TC Control 20 0 1 5 (3EF) 14 A* H = 57.30 df = 2 p < 0.001
BPA 20 15 4 1 0 B*
BCA 7 (13 BF) 20 0 0 0 B*

Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) Scores: (0): No adhesive left on the tooth, (1): Less than half of the adhesive left on the tooth, (2): More than half of the adhesive left on the tooth, (3): All adhesive left on the tooth with a distinct impression of the bracket mesh. BF: bracket failure, EC: enamel crack, EF: enamel fracture, TC: thermocycling, WS: water storage.

*Dissimilar letters indicate a statistically significant difference at p <0.05 according to Mann-Whitney multiple comparisons.