Table 3.
AML patient characteristics (clinical cohort)
| APLa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AML (N = 390) | Yes (n1 = 31) | No (n2 = 343) | ||
| Characteristics | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | P valueb |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age category, years (quartiles) | *0.006 | |||
| <50 | 95 (26.3) | 14 (51.9) | 81 (24.3) | |
| 50–62 | 91 (25.2) | 6 (22.2) | 85 (25.5) | |
| 63–72 | 90 (24.9) | 6 (22.2) | 84 (25.2) | |
| ≥73 | 85 (23.5) | 1 (3.7) | 84 (25.2) | |
| Gender | 0.925 | |||
| Male | 201 (51.5) | 174 (50.7) | 16 (51.6) | |
| Female | 189 (48.5) | 169 (49.3) | 15 (48.4) | |
| Race | 0.056 | |||
| Black | 54 (14.9) | 8 (27.6) | 44 (13.8) | |
| White | 192 (52.9) | 16 (55.2) | 166 (52.0) | |
| Otherc | 117 (32.2) | 5 (17.2) | 109 (34.2) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.589 | |||
| Non-Hispanic | 286 (80.3) | 23 (76.7) | 252 (80.8) | |
| Hispanic | 70 (19.7) | 7 (23.3) | 60 (19.2) | |
| Marital status at diagnosis | 0.454 | |||
| Married/domestic partner | 178 (45.7) | 156 (45.5) | 15 (48.4) | |
| Single | 94 (24.1) | 81 (23.6) | 10 (32.3) | |
| Divorced/separated/widowed | 59 (15.1) | 51 (14.9) | 4 (12.9) | |
| Unknown | 59 (15.1) | 55 (16.0) | 2 (6.5) | |
| Risk factors | ||||
| Alcohol use | 0.504 | |||
| Current | 64 (16.4) | 54 (15.7) | 6 (19.4) | |
| Former | 9 (2.3) | 8 (2.3) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Never | 273 (70) | 244 (71.1) | 19 (61.3) | |
| Unknown | 44 (11.3) | 37 (10.8) | 5 (16.1) | |
| Tobacco use | 0.575 | |||
| Current | 17 (4.4) | 16 (4.7) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Former | 64 (16.4) | 57 (16.6) | 3 (9.7) | |
| Never | 268 (68.7) | 236 (68.8) | 22 (71.0) | |
| Unknown | 41 (10.5) | 34 (9.9) | 5 (16.1) | |
| Cancer information | ||||
| AML | *0.005 | |||
| De novo | 236 (60.5) | 27 (87.1) | 198 (57.7) | |
| Secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm/therapy | 148 (38) | 3 (9.7) | 140 (40.8) | |
| Unknown | 6 (1.5) | 1 (3.2) | 5 (1.5) | |
| History of prior solid tumor | 0.578 | |||
| Yes | 62 (17.0) | 4 (13.3) | 58 (17.3) | |
| No | 303 (83.0) | 26 (86.7) | 277 (82.7) | |
| History of prior heme disorder | *0.006 | |||
| Yes | 120 (33.06) | 3 (10.3) | 120 (35.6) | |
| No | 243 (66.94) | 26 (89.7) | 217 (64.4) | |
| Treatment history | ||||
| Prior cancer therapy | 0.238 | |||
| Yes | 94 (25.7) | 5 (16.7) | 89 (26.5) | |
| No | 272 (74.3) | 25 (83.3) | 247 (73.5) | |
| Prior radiotherapyd | 0.653 | |||
| Yes | 31 (32.0) | 2 (40.0) | 28 (31.5) | |
| No | 66 (68.0) | 3 (60.0) | 61 (68.5) | |
| Prior chemotherapyd | 0.333 | |||
| Yes | 75 (77.3) | 2 (40.0) | 69 (77.5) | |
| No | 22 (22.7) | 3 (60.0) | 20 (22.5) | |
| Prior radio and chemotherapyd | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 16 (16.5) | 1 (20.0) | 14 (15.7) | |
| No | 81 (83.5) | 4 (80.0) | 75 (84.3) | |
| By type of chemotherapeutic agentd | ||||
| Alkylating agent | 0.082 | |||
| Yes | 22 (22.7) | 3 (60.0) | 19 (21.4) | |
| No | 75 (77.3) | 2 (40.0) | 70 (78.6) | |
| Topoisomerase II | *0.008 | |||
| Yes | 10 (10.3) | 3 (60.0) | 7 (7.9) | |
| No | 87 (89.7) | 2 (40.0) | 82 (92.1) | |
| Antimetabolite | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 16 (16.5) | 1 (20.0) | 14 (15.7) | |
| No | 81 (83.5) | 4 (80.0) | 75 (84.3) | |
| Antitubulin | 0.471 | |||
| Yes | 11 (11.3) | 1 (20.0) | 10 (11.2) | |
| No | 86 (88.7) | 4 (80.0) | 79 (88.8) | |
| Other agent | 0.361 | |||
| Yes | 49 (50.5) | 1 (20.0) | 46 (51.7) | |
| No | 48 (49.5) | 4 (80.0) | 43 (48.3) | |
| Cytogeneticse | ||||
| Abnormal karyotype | N/Af | |||
| Yes | 170 (66.4) | 15 (100.0) | 152 (65.0) | |
| No | 86 (33.6) | 0 (0.0) | 82 (35.0) | |
| Cytogenetic risk (ELN category)g | — | |||
| Unfavorable | 101 (79.5) | N/A | 100 (84.0) | |
| Favorable | 26 (20.5) | N/A | 19 (16.0) | |
| Exposure signature | 0.178 | |||
| Yes | 46 (54.1) | 1 (20.0) | 44 (55.7) | |
| No | 39 (45.9) | 4 (80.0) | 35 (44.3) | |
| Complex karyotype | 0.093 | |||
| Yes | 38 (33.9) | 0 (0) | 37 (35.6) | |
| No | 74 (66.1) | 7 (100) | 67 (64.4) | |
| Genetic mutational profileh | ||||
| At least one genetic mutation | 0.385 | |||
| Yes | 122 (59.5) | 6 (46.2) | 111 (60.3) | |
| No | 83 (40.5) | 7 (53.8) | 73 (39.7) | |
| At least one deleterious mutation | 0.564 | |||
| Yes | 77 (37.6) | 6 (46.2) | 69 (37.5) | |
| No | 128 (62.4) | 7 (53.8) | 115 (62.5) | |
| Specific deleterious genetic mutations | ||||
| ASXL1 | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 5 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (2.7) | |
| No | 200 (97.5) | 13 (100) | 179 (97.3) | |
| FLT3 | 0.197 | |||
| Yes | 48 (23.4) | 5 (38.5) | 42 (22.8) | |
| No | 157 (76.6) | 8 (61.5) | 142 (77.2) | |
| DNMT3A | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 17 (8.3) | 1 (7.7) | 15 (8.2) | |
| No | 188 (91.7) | 12 (92.3) | 169 (91.8) | |
| RUNX1 | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 10 (4.9) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (5.4) | |
| No | 195 (95.1) | 13 (100) | 174 (94.6) | |
| TET2 | 0.604 | |||
| Yes | 15 (7.3) | 0 (0.0) | 15 (8.2) | |
| No | 190 (92.7) | 13 (100) | 169 (91.8) | |
| TP53 | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 7 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (3.8) | |
| No | 198 (96.6) | 13 (100) | 177 (96.2) | |
| PHF6 | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) | |
| No | 204 (99.5) | 13 (100) | 183 (99.5) | |
aHistological type information available for 374 patients.
b P value comparing characteristics between patients with and without APL.
cIncludes Asian, Pacific Islander, American Indian and other races.
dCalculated for patients who had history of any prior cancer therapy.
eCytogenetic information available for 256 patients.
fNot applicable because APL patients have an abnormal karyotype by definition.
gELN cytogenetic risk categories are not used for APL, hence marked N/A (not applicable).
hMutational profile information available for 205 patients.
*P ≤ 0.01.