Table 3.
Characteristics of patients treated with ET and ES for early‐stage esophageal cancer
| Before matching | After matching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES | ET | ES | ET | |||
| Characteristic | (n = 196) | (n = 224) | P | (n = 70) | (n = 70) | P |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| Elderly (75–79) | 140 (71.4%) | 104 (46.4%) | < 0.001 | 49 (70%) | 45 (64.3%) | 0.472 |
| Early (> 79) | 56 (28.6%) | 120 (53.6%) | 21 (30%) | 25 (35.7%) | ||
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 156 (79.6%) | 174 (77.7%) | 0.72 | 61 (87.1%) | 60 (85.7%) | 0.805 |
| Female | 40 (20.4%) | 50 (22.3%) | 9 (12.9%) | 10 (14.3%) | ||
| Race | ||||||
| White | 178 (90.8%) | 212 (94.6%) | 64 (91.4%) | 65 (92.9%) | 0.927 | |
| Black | 3 (1.5%) | 6 (2.7%) | 0.043 | 2 (2.9%) | 2 (2.9%) | |
| Other/unknown | 15 (7.7%) | 6 (2.7%) | 4 (5.7%) | 3 (4.3%) | ||
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 127 (64.8%) | 140 (62.5%) | 0.69 | 48 (68.6%) | 44 (62.9%) | 0.476 |
| Other/unknown | 69 (35.2%) | 84 (37.5%) | 22 (31.4%) | 26 (37.1%) | ||
| Tumor grade | ||||||
| G1/2 (well/moderate) | 108 (55.1%) | 101 (45.1%) | < 0.001 | 41 (58.6%) | 41 (58.6%) | 0.557 |
| G3/4 (poor/undifferentiated) | 56 (28.6%) | 36(16.1%) | 20 (28.6%) | 16 (22.9%) | ||
| Unknown | 32 (16.3%) | 87 (38.8%) | 9 (12.9%) | 13 (18.6%) | ||
| Histology | ||||||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 38 (19.4%) | 24 (10.7%) | 0.001 | 8 (11.4%) | 11 (15.7%) | 0.448 |
| Adenocarcinoma | 156 (79.6%) | 184 (82.1%) | 62 (88.6%) | 58 (82.9%) | ||
| Unknown | 2 (1%) | 16 (7.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.4%) | ||
| T stage | ||||||
| T1a | 47 (24.0%) | 52 (23.2%) | < 0.001 | 17 (24.3%) | 17 (24.3%) | < 0.001 |
| T1b | 94 (48.0%) | 43 (19.2) | 36 (51.4%) | 15 (21.4%) | ||
| T1x | 55 (28.1%) | 129 (57.6%) | 17 (24.3%) | 38 (54.3%) | ||
| Cause of death | ||||||
| Alive | 154 (78.6%) | 188 (83.9%) | 0.17 | 55 (78.6%) | 55 (78.6%) | 1 |
| Esophagus/other cause of death | 42 (21.4%) | 36 (16.1%) | 15 (21.4%) | 15 (21.4%) | ||
| Time period | ||||||
| Early (2004–2009) | 117 (51.8%) | 109 (48.2%) | 0.025 | 37 (52.9%) | 40 (57.1%) | 0.61 |
| Late (2010–2014) | 79(40.7%) | 115(59.3%) | 33(47.1%) | 30(42.9%) | ||
ES, esophagectomy; ET, endoscopic therapy.