Table 4.

Changes in 30-m linear sprint (LS) and in T-run for total time (TT) and split time (ST) as well as in tapping test for total steps in group S (strength training) and S+E (strength training with superimposed WB-EMS) during pre-, post-, and retests.

	Parameter	Group	Pretest	Posttest	Pre–Post		Retest	Pre–Re		ANOVA p (${\mathrm{\eta }}_{\mathrm{p}}^2$)
					% Delta	SMD		% Delta	SMD	Time	Group	Time∗ Group
Straight Sprinting Speed	LS TT	S+E	4.80 0.23	4.75 0.19	–1.0	0.24	4.69 0.24	−2.3∗	0.47	<0.001 (0.323)	0.336 (0.046)	0.954 (0.002)
	(s)	S	4.73 0.20	4.67 0.21	−1.3	0.29	4.60 0.21	−2.8∗	0.63
	LS 5-m ST	S+E	1.11 0.05	1.09 0.04	−1.8	0.44	1.04 0.05	−6.3∗	1.40	<0.001 (0.548)	0.666 (0.009)	0.620 (0.024)
	(s)	S	1.12 0.05	1.07 0.06	−4.5	0.91	1.03 0.03	−8.0∗	2.18
	LS 10-m ST	S+E	1.92 0.10	1.92 0.07	0.0	0.0	1.85 0.09	−3.7∗	0.74	<0.001 (0.480)	0.527 (0.020)	0.705 (0.013)
	(s)	S	1.92 0.07	1.90 0.09	−1.0	0.25	1.82 0.07	−5.2∗	1.43
	LS 20-m ST	S+E	3.40 0.16	3.37 0.12	−0.9	0.21	3.30 0.17	−2.9∗	0.61	<0.001 (0.408)	0.392 (0.037)	0.863 (0.007)
	(s)	S	3.36 0.13	3.32 0.15	−1.2	0.29	3.24 0.13	−3.6∗	0.92
Tappings	Total Steps in 5 s	S+E	45.00 6.05	46.82 5.31	+4.0	0.32	49.27 5.29	+9.5∗	0.75	0.005 (0.306)	0.419 (0.033)	0.506 (0.025)
	(n)	S	45.09 8.41	49.18 4.45	+9.1	0.61	51.64 3.85	+14.5∗	1.00
Change of Direction Speed	T-run TT	S+E	8.72 0.36	8.67 0.25	−0.6	0.16	8.56 0.33	−1.8∗	0.46	0.008 (0.215)	0.426 (0.032)	0.816 (0.010)
	(s)	S	8.62 0.33	8.62 0.23	0.0	0.00	8.45 0.19	−2.0∗	0.63
	T-run ST	S+E	2.40 0.11	2.35 0.09	−2.1	0.50	2.39 0.12	−0.4	0.09	0.024 (0.170)	0.400 (0.036)	0.002 (0.247)
	(s)	S	2.38 0.10	2.39 0.06	+0.4	0.12	2.28 0.06°	−4.2	1.21

Values are presented as mean ± SD. Moderate to large standardized mean differences (SMD) have been highlighted in bold. Significance level for time effects for both groups to pretest was set at p ≤ 0.05^∗. Significance level for group^∗time interaction effects was set at p ≤ 0.05°.