Figure 1.

CX₃CR1 is indispensable for the regulation of JE following local inoculation of virus. (A) Susceptibility of CX₃CR1-ablated mice to JE. Wild-type (CX₃CR1^+/+) and CX₃CR1-deficient (CX₃CR1^−/−) mice (5–6 weeks old, n = 10–13) were inoculated with JEV (5.0 × 10⁷ PFU) via footpad, intranasal, and intraperitoneal routes. The proportion of surviving mice in each group was monitored daily for 15 or 20 days. (B) Ratio of mice showing neurological disorder during JE progression. Mice infected with JEV were examined every 6 h from 4 to 15 dpi and the ratio of mice showing neurological disorder in inoculated mice was recorded. Blue arrows denote a time point of neurological disorder manifestation following JEV infection. (C) Encephalitis score. Mice infected with JEV were scored for encephalitis from 3 to 12 dpi. Encephalitis scores were expressed as average score ± SEM of each group. (D) Changes in body weight. Changes in body weight were expressed as the average percentage ± SEM of body weight relative to the time of challenge. ^*p < 0.05; ^**p < 0.01; and ^***p < 0.001 for levels between CX₃CR1^+/+ and CX₃CR1^−/− mice at indicated dpi.