Table 1.
Comparison analysis of clinical data and cardio-metabolic risk factors between groups.
| Group A (n = 41) | Group B (n = 36) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 10.5 (5–16) | 10.8 (5.5–15.4) | 0.09 |
| Male/Female (%) | 48.8/51.2 | 33.3/66.7 | 0.17 |
| Pre-pubertal/Pubertal (%) | 51.2/48.8 | 48.1/51.9 | 0.08 |
| BMI SD | 2.1 (1.7–3.4) | 0.41 (-1.4–1.7) | 0.000 |
| TC (mg/dl) | 154 (123–238) | 153 (112–193) | 0.30 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 88 (51–169) | 78 (58–122) | 0.07 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 45 (25–119) | 56 (35–69) | 0.002 |
| TC/HDL-ratio | 3.42 (1.6–5.5) | 2.59 (1.8–4.8) | 0.000 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 71 (36–228) | 60 (41–136) | 0.01 |
| TG/HDL-ratio | 1.5 (0.6–6.5) | 1.1 (0.7–3.6) | 0.001 |
| AIP | −0.2 (-0.6–0.5) | −0.3 (-0.5–0.2) | 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.32 (0.7–6.3) | 1.34 (0.8–3.5) | 0.003 |
| TSH (μlU/ml) | 2.3 (0.6–7.98) | 2.0 (1.3–5.3) | 0.76 |
| GPT (U/L) | 17 (8–69) | 14 (6–27) | 0.000 |
| GOT (U/L) | 23 (16–37) | 23 (17–32) | 0.41 |
| CRP (mg/dl) | 0.2 (0.1–1.6) | 0.1 (0.1–0.9) | 0.008 |
| Uric Acid (mg/dl) | 4.6 (3.2–7.5) | 4 (2.9–5) | 0.000 |
| sRAGE | 393.3 (183.3–831.3) | 558.3 (265.8–1132.3) | 0.000 |
| AGEs | 149 (75.5–292) | 139.3 (94.1–251.1) | 0.36 |
| AOPPs | 1.6 (0.6–4.4) | 1.2 (0.8–2.3) | 0.000 |
| AGEs/sRAGE-ratio | 0.4 (0.2–1.2) | 0.3 (0.1–0.6) | 0.001 |
Comparison analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney test for numerical variables (expressed as median and range) and by Chi-Square test for categorical variables (gender and pubertal stage).
Group A, overweight and obese patients (BMI ≥ 1 SD); Group B, healthy matched controls (BMI <1 SD).
TC, Total cholesterol; TG, Triglycerides; AIP, Atherogenic index of plasma; HOMA-IR, Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; CRP, C-reactive protein; AGEs, Advanced glycation end-products; sRAGE, Circulating soluble AGE receptor; AOPPs, Advanced oxidation-protein products.