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The role of bacterial infections in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Bacterial infection plays an important role in the transition of patients from cirrhosis or chronic liver disease to acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Infection is also the most frequent precipitant of ACLF via the systemic inflammatory response. The development of multiorgan failure in ACLF characterized by significant alterations in systemic and hepatic hemodynamics and worsening liver function.
