Figure 2.

BMIs have been used to replace or rehabilitate function. Patients with tetraplegia have used BMIs to control (A) robotic/prosthetic arms and (B) functional electrical stimulation of reach and grasp. Images modified from Hochberg et al. (2012) and Ajiboye et al. (2017) with permission from publisher. C) BMIs can help to rehabilitate function after stroke. Here, stroke subjects used biofeedback of the mu-beta sensorimotor rhythm to move the hand using an exoskeleton. (Modified from Ramos-Murguialday et al. (2013) with permission from publisher.)