Table 6. Association of body mass index (BMI) percentiles for age classification with cardiometabolic risk factors, age & sex adjusted, at ages 3 and 5 years.

	Year 3 Measures				Year 5 Measures
	Normal	Overweight	Class I Obese	p-value	Normal	Overweight	Class I Obese	Class II Obese	p-value
N	485	77	36		407	69	31	6
Total Cholesterol mmol/L, mean (SE)	4.03 (0.03)	3.96 (0.09)	4.06 (0.13)	0.71	4.08 (0.04)	4.07 (0.10)	4.14 (0.13)	3.76 (0.32)	0.75
HDL mmol/L, mean (SE)	1.32 (0.01)	1.27 (0.04)	1.38 (0.05)	0.25	1.41 (0.02)	1.44 (0.04)	1.45 (0.06)	1.03 (0.14)	0.04
LDL mmol/L, mean (SE)	2.40 (0.03)	2.38 (0.08)	2.39 (0.11)	0.98	2.35 (0.03)	2.34 (0.09)	2.32 (0.12)	2.18 (0.29)	0.95
Triglycerides mmol/L, mean (SE)	0.69 (0.01)	0.67 (0.04)	0.70 (0.05)	0.85	0.70 (0.02)	0.63 (0.04)	0.80 (0.06)	1.19 (0.14)	0.001
Fasting Glucose mmol/L, mean (SE)	4.46 (0.02)	4.62 (0.05)	4.62 (0.08)	0.005	4.60 (0.02)	4.74 (0.05)	4.73 (0.07)	4.91 (0.16)	0.006
SBP-z, mean (SE)	-0.06 (0.12)	-0.003 (0.12)	0.40 (0.18)	0.045	-0.11 (0.05)	0.27 (0.13)	0.60 (0.18)	1.22 (0.41)	< .0001
DBP-z, mean (SE)	-0.06 (0.05)	0.23 (0.12)	0.20 (0.18)	0.047	-0.07 (0.05)	0.07 (0.13)	0.58 (0.19)	0.05 (0.42)	0.008

HDL—High-density lipoproteins, LDL—Low-density lipoprotein, SBP-z—Sex and height adjusted z-scores for systolic blood pressure, DBP-z—Sex and height adjusted z-scores for diastolic blood pressure. Significant differences are indicated in bold.

All analysis were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, annual household income, gestational age, maternal smoking during pregnancy, birth weight, and physical activity levels (at 3- and 5-years).