Table 2. Detection of different rabies positive and negative field samples using RT-RPA and qRT-PCR.
Laboratory number | Country | Host | RT-RPA | qRT-PCR | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Result | Time | Result | Copy nrh | Cp | Timeg | |||
99/14a | Lesotho | Canine | Pos | 5 | Pos | 1,90E7 | 14,8 | 46,8 |
60/14a | Lesotho | Bovine | Pos | 5 | Pos | 2,27E6 | 18,2 | 50,5 |
45a/14a | Lesotho | Bovine | Pos | 4 | Pos | 2,92E7 | 14,2 | 46,0 |
45b/14a | Lesotho | Bovine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 6,69E7 | 12,9 | 44,6 |
08/14a | Lesotho | Bovine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 9,13E7 | 12,4 | 44,1 |
195/14a | Lesotho | Bovine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 6,63E7 | 12,9 | 44,6 |
190/12a | Lesotho | Caprine | Pos | 4 | Pos | 3,62E7 | 13,8 | 45,7 |
21/15a | Lesotho | Bovine | Pos | 15,3 | Pos | 4,00E4 | 24,6 | 57,5 |
24/15a | Lesotho | Canine | Pos | 5,3 | Pos | 4,86E5 | 20,6 | 53,2 |
17/15a | Lesotho | Canine | Pos | 5,7 | Pos | 5,06E5 | 20,6 | 53,1 |
22/16a | Lesotho | Bovine | Pos | 5,3 | Pos | 8,83E5 | 19,7 | 52,1 |
298/93b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 5 | Pos | 4,00E5 | 20,9 | 53,5 |
186/99b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 5,3 | Pos | 3,90E5 | 21,9 | 54,6 |
572/99b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 8,50E5 | 19,8 | 52,2 |
633/00b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 5,3 | Pos | 9,04E5 | 19,7 | 52,1 |
315/04b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 5,3 | Pos | 3,19E5 | 21,3 | 53,9 |
232/05b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 8,7 | Pos | 1,24E4 | 26,4 | 59,5 |
558/05b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 5,3 | Pos | 6,13E5 | 20,3 | 52,8 |
659/05b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 4,3 | Pos | 9,38E5 | 19,6 | 52,0 |
687/05b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 4 | Pos | 5,59E5 | 20,4 | 52,9 |
131/12b | Mozambique | Feline | Pos | 5,3 | Pos | 1,06E6 | 19,4 | 51,8 |
482/12b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 1,36E6 | 19,0 | 51,4 |
1018/12b | Mozambique | Bovine | Pos | 4,3 | Pos | 1,26E6 | 19,1 | 51,5 |
233/13b | Mozambique | Canine | Pos | 5 | Pos | 1,35E6 | 19,0 | 51,4 |
191K09c | Namibia | Kudu | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 4,03E7 | 13,7 | 45,5 |
212K09c | Namibia | Kudu | Pos | 4 | Pos | 2,45E7 | 14,4 | 46,4 |
234K09c | Namibia | Kudu | Pos | 5,3 | Pos | 1,42E7 | 15,3 | 47,3 |
240K09c | Namibia | Kudu | Pos | 1 | Pos | 8,08E5 | 19,8 | 52,3 |
151J09c | Namibia | Jackal | Pos | 5 | Pos | 3,47E7 | 13,9 | 45,8 |
179J09c | Namibia | Jackal | Pos | 4 | Pos | 8,58E7 | 12,5 | 44,2 |
192J09c | Namibia | Jackal | Pos | 3 | Pos | 1,78E8 | 11,3 | 42,9 |
193J09c | Namibia | Jackal | Pos | 4 | Pos | 3,64E6 | 17,5 | 49,7 |
197J09c | Namibia | Jackal | Pos | 8 | Pos | 4,34E5 | 20,8 | 53,4 |
204J09c | Namibia | Jackal | Pos | 5,7 | Pos | 1,39E6 | 19,0 | 51,3 |
236J09c | Namibia | Jackal | Pos | 4 | Pos | 1,42E7 | 15,3 | 47,3 |
NIG49d | Nigeria | Canine | Pos | 18,3 | Pos | 7,90E8 | 8,9 | 40,3 |
NIG50d | Nigeria | Canine | Pos | 4,3 | Pos | 4,92E8 | 9,7 | 41,2 |
NIG65d | Nigeria | Canine | Pos | 2 | Pos | 2,66E8 | 10,7 | 42,2 |
NIG95d | Nigeria | Canine | Pos | 1 | Pos | 1,11E8 | 12,0 | 43,7 |
NIG140d | Nigeria | Canine | Pos | 3,3 | Pos | 1,77E8 | 11,3 | 42,9 |
NIG142d | Nigeria | Canine | Pos | 3,3 | Pos | 6,52E8 | 9,3 | 40,7 |
NIG176d | Nigeria | Canine | Pos | 8 | Pos | 1,62E8 | 11,5 | 43,1 |
NIG185d | Nigeria | Canine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 5,97E8 | 9,4 | 40,8 |
NIG249d | Nigeria | Canine | Pos | 9 | Pos | 2,53E8 | 10,7 | 42,3 |
NIG251d | Nigeria | Canine | Pos | 8,3 | Pos | 5,83E8 | 9,4 | 40,9 |
71/14e | Zimbabwe | Canine | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 1,21E7 | 15,6 | 47,6 |
168/14e | Zimbabwe | Feline | Pos | 15,3 | Pos | 2,67E3 | 28,9 | 62,2 |
307/15e | Zimbabwe | Canine | Pos | 13 | Pos | 6,28E6 | 16,6 | 48,7 |
406/15e | Zimbabwe | Canine | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 4,27E7 | 13,6 | 45,4 |
424/15e | Zimbabwe | Canine | Pos | 4 | Pos | 2,23E7 | 14,6 | 46,5 |
427/15e | Zimbabwe | Canine | Pos | 14,7 | Pos | 9,51E7 | 12,3 | 44,0 |
464/15e | Zimbabwe | Canine | Pos | 4 | Pos | 3,70E7 | 13,8 | 45,6 |
515/15e | Zimbabwe | Canine | Pos | 5 | Pos | 1,18E7 | 15,6 | 47,6 |
245/16e | Zimbabwe | Bovine | Pos | 7,7 | Pos | 4,59E5 | 20,7 | 53,3 |
12/526f | South Africa | Caprine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 6,21E7 | 13,0 | 44,7 |
12/621f | South Africa | Jackal | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 1,63E6 | 18,7 | 51,1 |
12/616f | South Africa | Jackal | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 2,38E6 | 18,1 | 50,4 |
12/730f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 3,3 | Pos | 8,42E7 | 12,5 | 44,2 |
12/849f | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 17,3 | Pos | 2,08E3 | 29,3 | 62,6 |
15/17f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 4,3 | Pos | 1,59E7 | 15,1 | 47,1 |
15/142f | South Africa | Mongoose | Pos | 4,3 | Pos | 1,26E7 | 15,5 | 47,5 |
15/170f | South Africa | Mongoose | Pos | 1 | Pos | 1,12E8 | 12,0 | 43,7 |
15/173f | South Africa | Mongoose | Pos | 8 | Pos | 2,24E8 | 10,9 | 42,5 |
15/181f | South Africa | Duiker | Pos | 5 | Pos | 4,87E6 | 17,0 | 49,2 |
15/182f | South Africa | Lynx | Pos | 5 | Pos | 2,67E7 | 14,3 | 46,2 |
15/295f | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 5,11E7 | 13,3 | 45,1 |
15/479f | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 5 | Pos | 1,17E6 | 19,2 | 51,6 |
15/495f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 3,97E7 | 13,7 | 45,5 |
15/305f | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 1,55E7 | 15,2 | 47,1 |
15/538f | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 4,3 | Pos | 3,61E7 | 13,8 | 45,7 |
15/543f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 5,7 | Pos | 5,06E5 | 20,6 | 53,1 |
15/553f | South Africa | Otter | Pos | 5 | Pos | 1,33E7 | 15,4 | 47,4 |
15/563f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 1,50E6 | 18,9 | 51,2 |
15/595f | South Africa | Jackal | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 5,02E6 | 13,3 | 45,1 |
15/634f | South Africa | Mongoose | Pos | 4 | Pos | 3,36E7 | 13,9 | 45,8 |
15/636f | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 4 | Pos | 4,20E6 | 17,2 | 49,4 |
15/643f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 4,19E6 | 17,2 | 49,4 |
15/644f | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 4 | Pos | 8,50E8 | 12,5 | 44,2 |
16/010f | South Africa | Jackal | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 3,76E6 | 17,4 | 49,6 |
16/051f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 8 | Pos | 3,09E5 | 21,4 | 53,9 |
16/069f | South Africa | Jackal | Pos | 5,7 | Pos | 2,03E6 | 18,4 | 50,7 |
16/094f | South Africa | Mongoose | Pos | 4,3 | Pos | 3,29E6 | 17,6 | 49,8 |
16/102f | South Africa | Jackal | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 8,27E6 | 16,2 | 48,2 |
17/298f | South Africa | Mongoose | Pos | 3,3 | Pos | 1,84E8 | 11,3 | 42,9 |
17/330f | South Africa | Mongoose | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 4,44E6 | 17,1 | 49,3 |
17/336f | South Africa | Mongoose | Pos | 3,3 | Pos | 6,99E8 | 9,1 | 40,5 |
15/304d | South Africa | Jackal | Pos | 4 | Pos | 8,48E5 | 19,8 | 52,2 |
15/467d | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 14,3 | Pos | 6,69E6 | 16,5 | 48,6 |
15/474d | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 14,3 | Pos | 7,23E6 | 16,4 | 48,5 |
15/519d | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 14 | Pos | 9,19E6 | 16,6 | 48,7 |
16/239d | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 4,7 | Pos | 4,50E7 | 13,5 | 45,3 |
16/247d | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 8,37E7 | 12,5 | 44,2 |
16/256d | South Africa | Caprine | Pos | 3,3 | Pos | 1,30E8 | 11,8 | 43,5 |
16/260d | South Africa | Ovine | Pos | 4 | Pos | 9,62E7 | 12,3 | 44,0 |
16/286d | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 4 | Pos | 4,26E7 | 13,6 | 45,4 |
16/318d | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 5,3 | Pos | 2,49E7 | 14,4 | 46,3 |
16/343d | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 4,3 | Pos | 4,46E7 | 13,5 | 45,3 |
14/406d | South Africa | Caprine | Pos | 5 | Pos | 1,37E8 | 11,7 | 43,4 |
14/424d | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 4 | Pos | 2,80E8 | 10,6 | 42,1 |
15/130d | South Africa | Bovine | Pos | 4,3 | Pos | 1,84E7 | 14,9 | 46,9 |
15/205d | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 5 | Pos | 1,51E7 | 15,2 | 47,2 |
13/339f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 1 | Pos | 1,88E8 | 11,2 | 42,8 |
13/310f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 1 | Pos | 3,87E5 | 21,0 | 53,6 |
13/107f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 3 | Pos | 5,25E8 | 9,6 | 41,0 |
13/522f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 1 | Pos | 9,03E7 | 12,4 | 44,1 |
13/256f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 1,3 | Pos | 4,18E8 | 10,0 | 41,4 |
13/355f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 3,7 | Pos | 2,76E8 | 10,6 | 42,2 |
13/104f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 1 | Pos | 3,14E8 | 10,4 | 41,9 |
13/79f | South Africa | Canine | Pos | 1 | Pos | 2,33E8 | 10,9 | 42,4 |
RK002 | South Africa | Jackal | Neg | Neg | ||||
RK010 | South Africa | Fox | Neg | Neg | ||||
RK018 | South Africa | Civet | Neg | Neg | ||||
RK023 | South Africa | Canine | Neg | Neg |
a Obtained from the Central Veterinary Laboratory, Maseru, Lesotho; samples positive with the FAT [30] and DRIT [8]
b Obtained from the Central Veterinary Laboratory, Maputo, Mozambique; samples positive with the FAT [30] and DRIT [8]
c Obtained from the Central Veterinary Laboratory, Windhoek, Namibia; samples positive with the FAT [30] and DRIT [8]
d Obtained from the Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Gauteng Province, South Africa; samples positive with the FAT [30] and DRIT [8]
e Obtained from the Central Veterinary Laboratory, Harare, Zimbabwe; samples positive with the FAT [30] and DRIT [8]
f Obtained from Allerton Provincial Veterinary Laboratory, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa; samples positive with the FAT [30] and DRIT [8]
g For better comparability between assays, qRT-PCR crossing point values were converted into estimated detection time
h RNA copies/μl eluate