Table 1.
Logistic Regression Predicting 30-d Tobacco Use Among US Young Adults (18–24 y)
| Main effects model | Sample | Cigarettes | E-cigarettes | Cigars | Smokeless | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | % or M (SD) | % or M | aOR (95% CI) | % or M | aOR (95% CI) | % or M | aOR (95% CI) | % or M | aOR (95% CI) |
| Ad liking | |||||||||
| Did not like ads | 83.2% | Ref | 83.7% | Ref | 85.8% | Ref | 87.8% | Ref | |
| Liked one ad | 11.0% | 2.61 (2.19 to 3.12) | 9.4% | 1.78 (1.49 to 2.13) | 8.1% | 2.32 (1.91 to 2.82) | 6.9% | 2.18 (1.60 to 2.98) | |
| Liked multiple ads | 5.8% | 2.75 (2.20 to 3.45) | 7.0% | 2.07 (1.67 to 2.58) | 6.1% | 3.40 (2.79 to 4.15) | 5.3% | 4.68 (3.43 to 6.40) | |
| Age | 21.1 (2.0) | 21.3 | 1.20 (1.16 to 1.24) | 21.1 | 1.07 (1.03 to 1.11) | 21.0 | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.06) | 20.9 | 1.01 (0.96 to 1.06) |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 49.7% | 23.8% | Ref | 9.2% | Ref | 10.1% | Ref | 0.7% | Ref |
| Male | 50.3% | 33.8% | 1.77 (1.57 to 1.99) | 15.7% | 1.85 (1.63 to 2.10) | 20.8% | 2.57 (2.25 to 2.94) | 9.9% | 14.73 (10.31 to 21.04) |
| Sexual orientation | |||||||||
| Straight | 91.2% | 27.7% | Ref | 12.0% | Ref | 15.0% | Ref | 5.6% | Ref |
| LGB | 8.8% | 40.8% | 1.58 (1.28 to 1.94) | 17.7% | 1.47 (1.19 to 1.82) | 20.2% | 1.35 (1.10 to 1.66) | 2.6% | 0.73 (0.44 to 1.21) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||
| White | 55.0% | 31.7% | Ref | 14.0% | Ref | 15.0% | Ref | 8.2% | Ref |
| Hispanic | 20.8% | 26.5% | 0.57 (0.49 to 0.66) | 11.8% | 0.70 (0.58 to 0.85) | 15.1% | 0.88 (0.73 to 1.06) | 2.3% | 0.20 (0.14 to 0.28) |
| Black | 13.2% | 25.7% | 0.62 (0.51 to 0.75) | 7.8% | 0.50 (0.39 to 0.63) | 22.8% | 1.64 (1.34 to 2.02) | 0.8% | 0.07 (0.04 to 0.14) |
| Asian | 7.2% | 14.9% | 0.41 (0.29 to 0.58) | 9.5% | 0.76 (0.55 to 1.07) | 2.9% | 0.20 (0.10 to 0.39) | X | X |
| Multi | 3.4% | 36.5% | 1.06 (0.81 to 1.37) | 15.6% | 0.99 (0.72 to 1.35) | 23.3% | 1.55 (1.21 to 1.99) | 5.1% | 0.51 (0.30 to 0.87) |
| Education | |||||||||
| <HS/GED | 15.4% | 35.6% | 5.01 (3.96 to 6.33) | 7.5% | 2.93 (2.03 to 4.23) | 7.6% | 2.41 (1.73 to 3.34) | 4.0% | 3.14 (1.75 to 5.66) |
| HS Graduate | 28.2% | 26.1% | 2.96 (2.41 to 3.63) | 6.1% | 2.11 (1.51 to 2.95) | 5.5% | 1.89 (1.40 to 2.57) | 3.9% | 2.68 (1.65 to 4.34) |
| SC/A | 43.2% | 23.2% | 2.07 (1.69 to 2.55) | 7.6% | 1.88 (1.33 to 2.68) | 6.4% | 1.73 (1.27 to 2.37) | 3.1% | 1.85 (1.12 to 3.08) |
| B/A | 13.2% | 8.6% | Ref | 2.8% | Ref | 3.9% | Ref | 1.6% | Ref |
| Poverty level | |||||||||
| Below poverty | 47.4% | 36.9% | 1.67 (1.43 to 1.96) | 8.6% | 1.30 (1.09 to 1.55) | 9.7% | 1.29 (1.12 to 1.49) | 3.0% | 1.05 (0.83 to 1.33) |
| Near poverty | 20.8% | 27.2% | 1.52 (1.28 to 1.80) | 7.3% | 1.30 (1.06 to 1.60) | 6.0% | 1.26 (1.05 to 1.51) | 3.3% | 1.05 (0.79 to 1.40) |
| Twice poverty | 31.8% | 14.2% | Ref | 4.5% | Ref | 4.3% | Ref | 3.1% | Ref |
| Military service | |||||||||
| Never served | 98.5% | 21.7% | Ref | 5.9% | Ref | 5.5% | Ref | 2.8% | Ref |
| served | 1.5% | 20.5% | 1.59 (1.12 to 2.25) | 5.1% | 1.46 (0.93 to 2.30) | 6.8% | 0.77 (0.52 to 1.16) | 4.4% | 1.32 (0.72 to 2.43) |
| Internalizing | |||||||||
| Low | 38.5% | 17.0% | Ref | 4.1% | Ref | 4.5% | Ref | 3.0% | Ref |
| Moderate | 29.2% | 19.9% | 1.06 (0.92 to 1.21) | 5.3% | 0.97 (0.82 to 1.16) | 5.2% | 0.99 (0.84 to 1.16) | 2.7% | 0.59 (0.46 to 0.75) |
| High | 32.3% | 36.6% | 1.61 (1.38 to 1.88) | 11.1% | 1.41 (1.19 to 1.67) | 9.4% | 1.38 (1.16 to 1.64) | 3.5% | 0.72 (0.54 to 0.95) |
| Externalizing | |||||||||
| Low | 46.9% | 18.9% | Ref | 4.7% | Ref | 4.7% | Ref | 2.8% | Ref |
| Moderate | 35.6% | 24.8% | 1.02 (0.90 to 1.16) | 7.2% | 1.05 (0.87 to 1.27) | 6.8% | 1.23 (1.05 to 1.45) | 2.9% | 0.93 (0.73 to 1.19) |
| High | 17.5% | 39.1% | 1.35 (1.14 to 1.60) | 12.6% | 1.51 (1.23 to 1.85) | 12.1% | 1.62 (1.31 to 2.00) | 5.0% | 1.37 (1.02 to 1.86) |
Ads = advertisements, B/A = bachelor’s or advanced degree, CI = confidence interval, HS = high school, LGB = lesbian, gay, bisexual, or something else, M = mean, aOR = adjusted odds ratio, Ref = reference group, SC/A = some college or associate degree, SD = standard deviation, X = dropped from analysis (small cell sizes). Weighted percentages are those within the category (eg, females) that had engaged in 30-d tobacco use. The remainder (ie, those who did not engage in 30-d tobacco use) would bring the total to 100%. Means are for individuals who engaged in 30-d tobacco use. Adjusted odds ratios have been adjusted for all covariates.