Table 2.
Modification of the Effect of Advertisement Liking on 30-d Cigarette Use by Education Level Among US Young Adults (18–24 y)
| Education level | Interactions | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <HS/GED | HSG | SC/A | B/A | <HS/GED | HSG | SC/A | |||||
| Ad Liking | % Use | OR (95% CI) | % Use | OR (95% CI) | % Use | OR (95% CI) | % Use | OR (95% CI) | Wald F | Wald F | Wald F |
| Did not like ads | 39.3 | Ref | 24.6 | Ref | 22.7 | Ref | 15.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Liked one ad | 65.8 | 2.81 (1.88 to 4.22) | 53.6 | 3.20 (2.40 to 4.27) | 45.4 | 2.71 (2.13 to 3.45) | 27.1 | 1.48 (0.95 to 2.31) | 4.68* | 9.67** | 6.05* |
| Liked multiple ads | 69.4 | 3.45 (2.15 to 5.53) | 63.9 | 4.77 (3.05 to 7.46) | 43.3 | 2.34 (1.60 to 3.44) | 21.7 | 1.39 (0.66 to 2.92) | 3.74 | 6.22* | 1.70 |
Ads = advertisements; B/A = bachelor’s or advanced degree; CI = confidence interval; <HS/GED = less than high school or GED; HSG = high school graduate; OR = odds ratio; Ref = reference group; SC/A = some college or associate degree. ORs are adjusted for age, sex, sexual orientation, ethnicity, poverty level, military service, internalizing symptoms, and externalizing symptoms. Percentages are weighted. Percentages are those within each education level who used cigarettes.
*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.