Table 1.
Treatment effects and adverse event rates applied in the analyses
| Parameter | SUSTAIN 7 | SUSTAIN 3 | NMA | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg | Semaglutide 1 mg | Dulaglutide 1.5 mg | Semaglutide 1 mg | Exenatide ER | Semaglutide 0.5 mg | Semaglutide 1 mg | Liraglutide 1.2 mg | Liraglutide 1.8 mg | Lixisenatide | |
| Physiological parameters, means (standard errors) | ||||||||||
| HbA1c (%) | − 1.51 (0.06) | − 1.78 (0.06)* | − 1.37 (0.06) | − 1.54 (0.06)* | − 0.92 (0.06) | − 1.23 (0.13)¤,‡ | − 1.47 (0.12)¤,†,‡ | − 0.87 (0.12) | − 1.11 (0.10) | − 0.56 (0.20) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | − 2.44 (0.76) | − 4.88 (0.77) | − 2.86 (0.75) | − 4.60 (0.68)* | − 2.23 (0.70) | − 5.41 (1.55) | − 6.28 (1.52)†,‡ | − 4.45 (1.39) | − 4.21 (1.36) | − 3.00 (1.93) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | − 0.57 (0.48) | − 2.05 (0.49)* | − 0.03 (0.47) | − 1.00 (0.45) | − 0.10 (0.46) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | − 0.18 (0.04) | − 0.14 (0.05) | − 0.07 (0.05) | − 0.24 (0.04) | − 0.15 (0.05) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | − 0.01 (0.01)* | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.01) | 0.00 (0.01) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | − 0.08 (0.04) | − 0.01 (0.04) | 0.02 (0.04) | − 0.12 (0.04) | − 0.09 (0.04) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | − 0.16 (0.03) | − 0.25 (0.03) | − 0.19 (0.03) | − 0.28 (0.04)* | − 0.05 (0.04) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | − 1.63 (0.10)* | − 2.33 (0.10)* | − 1.08 (0.10) | − 2.01 (0.10)* | − 0.65 (0.10) | − 0.86 (0.10)¤,‡ | − 1.35 (0.10)¤,†,‡ | − 0.64 (0.10) | − 0.73 (0.09) | − 0.32 (0.18) |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m2) | − 2.42 (0.48) | − 2.80 (0.49) | − 3.51 (0.47) | − 5.83 (0.76) | − 5.27 (0.76) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Hypoglycemia event rates, per 100 patient-years | ||||||||||
| Non-severe hypoglycemia | 1.28 | 2.60 | 1.26 | 9.66 | 11.27 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Severe hypoglycemia | 0.00 | 0.43 | 0.84 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Proportion of non-severe events that are nocturnal | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Proportion of severe events that are nocturnal | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
BMI body mass index, ER extended-release, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein
* Statistically significant difference at 95% confidence level versus dulaglutide 1.5 mg
§Statistically significant difference at 95% confidence level versus exenatide ER
¤Statistically significant difference at 95% confidence level versus liraglutide 1.2 mg
†Statistically significant difference at 95% confidence level versus liraglutide 1.8 mg
‡Statistically significant difference at 95% confidence level versus lixisenatide