Table 4.
Risk factors for diabetes and prediabetes in the participants
| Risk factor | Diabetes, OR (95% CI) | p value | Prediabetes, OR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 1.177 (0.890–1.557) | 0.253 | 0.878 (0.714–1.079) | 0.217 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 46–60 | 3.046 (2.148–4.319) | < 0.001 | 1.885 (1.549–2.294) | < 0.001 |
| > 60 | 6.287 (4.446–8.890) | < 0.001 | 3.802 (3.046–4.746) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1.629 (1.258–2.109) | < 0.001 | 1.471 (1.197–1.809) | < 0.001 |
| ≥ Senior high school education | 0.619 (0.488–0.785) | < 0.001 | 0.597 (0.500–0.714) | < 0.001 |
| BMIa | ||||
| Overweight status | 1.397 (1.041–1.875) | 0.026 | 1.187 (0.967–1.456) | 0.101 |
| Obesity | 2.596 (1.774–3.798) | < 0.001 | 2.373 (1.701–3.309) | < 0.001 |
| Central obesityb | 1.433 (1.078–1.905) | 0.013 | 1.802 (1.475–2.202) | < 0.001 |
| Current smoking | 1.422 (1.083–1.868) | 0.011 | 1.788 (1.443–2.216) | < 0.001 |
| TC ≥ 6.2 mmol/L | 1.158 (0.795–1.685) | 0.445 | 1.263 (0.923–1.728) | 0.145 |
| HDL < 1.0 mmol/L | 1.594 (1.185–2.145) | 0.002 | 2.125 (1.665–2.712) | < 0.001 |
| LDL ≥ 4.1 mmol/L | 1.606 (1.033–2.495) | 0.035 | 2.058 (1.373–3.084) | < 0.001 |
| TG ≥ 2.3 mmol/L | 1.348 (0.989–1.838) | 0.059 | 0.808 (0.626–1.042) | 0.808 |
| HUAc | 0.844 (0.618–1.153) | 0.287 | 1.106 (0.875–1.397) | 0.401 |
BMI body mass index, TC serum total cholesterol, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, TG triglyceride, HUA hyperuricemia
aOverweight status was defined as a body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 24.0–27.9; obesity was defined as a BMI of 28.0 or higher
bCentral obesity was defined as a waist circumference of 90 cm or more in men and 80 cm or more in women
cHyperuricemia (HUA) was defined as blood uric acid of > 420 µmol/L in men and > 360 µmol/L in women