Table 4.
Differences in blood sex hormones at each time point between intervention and control groups (N = 13).
| Blood Sex | Baseline (M ± SD) | 6 months (M ± SD) | 9 months (M ± SD) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hormones | DEEM | Control | pa,c | DEEM | Control | pb,c | DEEM | Control | pb,c |
| Serum E1, pg/ml | 21.5 ± 6.6 | 40.4±14.2 | .439 | 19.2 ± 1.9 | 40.7 ± 14.8 | .439 | 18.9 ± 1.6 | 40.4 ± 24.5 | .048 |
| Serum E2, pg/ml | 6.3 ± 3.3 | 24.2±17.2 | .137 | 12.9 ± 12.8 | 38.7 ± 31.2 | .143 | 3.1 ± 4.7 | 26.2 ± 51.3 | .039 |
| A-dione, ng/ml | 0.51 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | .751 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | .775 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | .475 |
| DHEA, ng/ml | 2.6 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 1.8 | .253 | 3.1 ± 1.3 | 3.1 ± 0.7 | .668 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 3.0 ± 0.7 | .063 |
| T, ng/ml | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | .775 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | .520 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | .999 |
| SHBG, nM | 173.1 ± 13.3 | 162.3 ± 9.7 | .775 | 164.4 ± 13.9 | 174.7 ± 9.9 | .568 | 160.0 ± 10.6 | 136.6 ± 7.2 | .886 |
Note. M = mean; SD = standard deviation.
A-dione = androstenedione; DHEA = dehydroepiandrosterone; E1 = estrone; E2 = estradiol; SHBG = sex-hormone binding globulin;
T = testosterone.
a
Testing the differences of baseline between DEEM intervention and control groups.
b
Testing the differences in blood sex hormones at each time point (6 months and 9 months) between DEEM and control groups, controlling for baseline outcome variables.
c
p < 0.05, p-values were determined with rank-transformation using a Kruskal-Wallis test.