Table 3.
Prediabetes status in early pregnancy and receipt of diabetes treatment among women diagnosed with gestational diabetesa
| Use of diabetes treatment | Prediabetes status in early pregnancy | Age adjusted relative risk (95% CI)b |
Multivariate adjusted relative risk (95% CI) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal A1C <5.7% | Prediabetic A1C 5.7- 6.4% |
|||||
| n = 710 | n = 113 | |||||
| n | % | n | % | |||
| Any diabetes treatment | 284 | 40.0 | 70 | 62.0 | 1.49 (1.26, 1.77) | 1.40 (1.17, 1.67) |
| Insulin | 241 | 33.9 | 60 | 53.1 | 1.51 (1.23, 1.85) | 1.45 (1.17, 1.80) |
| Sulfonylurea | 31 | 4.4 | 8 | 7.1 | 1.58 (0.76, 3.30) | 1.19 (0.50, 2.84) |
| Metformin | 39 | 5.5 | 12 | 10.6 | 1.84 (1.00, 3.38) | 1.44 (0.71, 2.92) |
Abbreviations: A1C, hemoglobin A1C; CI, confidence interval.
a
Use of diabetes treatment defined as any prescription fill for diabetes medications after 12 weeks’ gestation.
b
Relative risks were estimated by modified Poisson’s regression with robust standard error. Numbers outside the parentheses are point estimates of the relative risks and numbers inside the parenthesis are 95% confidence intervals. Multivariate analysis adjusted forage at delivery, race/ethnicity, education, parity, prepregnancy BMI, chronic hypertension, smoking during pregnancy, and Medicaid insurance.