Figure 5.

Effect of exercise and time‐restricted feeding on tumor burden and circulating biomarkers of liver health. (a) Evidence of gross pathological changes consistent with tumor burden was assessed in all experimental groups. Circulating levels of liver enzymes (b) alkaline phosphatase and (c) alanine aminotransferase were analyzed in blood collected at endpoint (ANOVA) (n = 5–10) (Mean ± SEM) (p < *0.05,**0.01,***0.005) (ND‐Y = young, sedentary, ad libitum normal diet; ND‐SD = old, sedentary, ad libitum normal diet; FD‐SD = old, sedentary, ad libitum fast‐food diet; FD‐TRF = old, sedentary, 8‐hr dark cycle ad libitum access to fast‐food diet; FD‐EX = old, voluntary running wheels, ad libitum fast‐food diet)